(QUESTIONS)

Acts 13:13-52 (Go to the ESV Bible verses)

Key Verse: 13:38, “Let it be known to you therefore, brothers, that through this man forgiveness of sins is proclaimed to you.”

1.  After their ministry in Cyprus, what happens (13a)? Find Perga on a map. Where are they headed (14a)? Find out what you can about this area and Pisidian Antioch. Review the facts about John (12:12,25; 13:5). Why might he have left Paul and Barnabas at this point (13:13b)?

2.  How is the setting described (14–15)? How does Paul begin (16)? What does he say about Israel’s history (17–21)? About David (22) and Jesus (23)? What did John proclaim, and why (24)? What else did John say about himself and about Jesus (25)?

3.  What does Paul conclude (26)? What did those who lived in Jerusalem do, and why (27)? What facts about Jesus does Paul mention (28–31)? What Scriptures does Paul quote that point to Jesus’ resurrection (32–35)? How does Paul contrast David and Jesus, and why (36–37)?

4.  Read verse 38. Why do we all need forgiveness of sins most, and why does it come only through Jesus (Rom.3:23–25)? What does it mean to “believe” and be “freed” (39)^[1]? How does Paul warn them (40–41)? How do they respond, and how do Paul and Barnabas help them (42–43)?

5.  What happens the next Sabbath (44–45)? What do Paul and Barnabas say (46–47), and what can we learn from this? How do the Gentiles respond (48–49)? What happens to Paul and Barnabas (50)? What do they do, and why (51)? How does the author comment, and why (52)?

^[1] Cf. Gal.2:16; 3:24; Rom.3:28; 5:1.

(MESSAGE)

(QUESTIONS)

Acts 13:1-12 (Go to the ESV Bible verses)

Key Verse: 13:2, “While they were worshiping the Lord and fasting, the Holy Spirit said, “Set apart for me Barnabas and Saul for the work to which I have called them.”

1.  Who is mentioned (1), and what is their role in the Antioch church (see also 11:19–26)? What do these men listed together tell us about this church?

2.  What happens (2)? What can we learn here about discovering God’s leading and will? About God’s way of choosing and sending workers? Why is his calling most important? How does the church respond (3), and what can we learn from them?

3.  Where do they go first (4; see a map)? What happens at Salamis (5)? Review what it means to “proclaim the word of God” (see also 2:38,42a; 5:20; 14:3; 20:32). Why do they focus on going to synagogues?

4.  Who do they meet at Paphos, what conflict ensues, and why (6–8)? What does the Holy Spirit lead Paul to do, why, and what happens (9–11)? What impact does this have (12)? What can we learn here about advancing the gospel?

(MESSAGE)

Key Verse: 13:2, “While they were worshiping the Lord and fasting, the Holy Spirit said, ‘Set apart for me Barnabas and Saul for the work to which I have called them.’”

What does Christian life look like to you? Wearing a cross necklace? Going to church sometimes? Listening to praise music? Being free to do whatever you want? Or being stuck in one place, always doing what others need? Today we see how the ministry of Paul the missionary begins. And in these few verses we can learn what Christian life is like. It’s free and not free, kind of stuck but not stuck at all. It’s personal faith, but lived out in community. And sometimes, it means launching out into the great unknown. We want to learn from today’s passage three key aspects of Christian life: united, listening, and obedient. They’re really foundational. But what do they mean? How can we live this way? And why should we? May God speak to us through his words.

1. United

Look at verse 1. We might call these men “the Antioch Five Guys.” They’re all “prophets and teachers.” Prophecy and teaching are not human abilities; they’re spiritual gifts given by God’s grace through the Holy Spirit (Rom.12:6–7; 1 Cor.12:4–11). The Bible says prophecy and teaching are “the higher gifts” (1Cor.12:28–31). So these “prophets and teachers” are leaders in the church. They’re not just one or two; they’re a team. And, they’re diverse. Simeon’s other name, Niger, means “Black,” so he seems to be an African. Manaen grew up with royalty, so he’s likely an aristocratic guy. Barnabas has been in Christ a long time; he’s older now, and still generous and gracious. Saul is younger, and very intense. We don’t know much about Lucius. Humanly the five are so different, but through faith in Jesus they’ve become a team. They’re using their spiritual gifts to minister to this church, united. Why do we need unity? Some honestly think it’s not necessary. But unity was important for the church from the beginning. After listing the names of Jesus’ diverse apostles, it says, “All these with one accord were devoting themselves to prayer, together with the women and Mary the mother of Jesus, and his brothers” (1:13–14). Through their unity in prayer, God sent the Holy Spirit. The Spirit comes and works only when believers are united. Now in the Antioch church, unity is again the key. Real unity among their leaders made their church strong enough to serve God’s greater purpose.

How could these “Five Guys,” so diverse yet highly gifted, be united? Frankly, in our old nature we have selfish ambition and conceit. Some try to be a “one-man show” and have chronic problems coworking. But as we become more deeply united with Christ and participate in the Spirit, we grow in his humility. We count others as more significant than ourselves. We learn, like Jesus our Lord, to empty ourselves, take the form of a servant, and become obedient even to the point of death (Phil.2:1–8). We become “eager to maintain the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace (Eph.4:3). After experiencing some conflicts, we can become skeptical about unity. Even a couple married for many years can still find it hard to truly be one. So how does this team do it?

Look at verse 1 again. Two of the guys are instrumental: Barnabas at the beginning of the list, and Saul at the end. These two met some years ago. After Saul’s dramatic conversion, going from a persecutor to a chosen instrument of Jesus, he went to Jerusalem and tried to join the disciples. But because he’d persecuted many, they were all afraid of him; no one believed he was a disciple. But Barnabas, a trusted guy, brought Saul to the apostles and testified that his conversion was real. Because of Barnabas, people began to trust Saul (9:26–28). Later, when news came about the Gentiles in Antioch turning to Jesus, the apostles sent them Barnabas, who could see the grace of God in them (11:20–24a). Barnabas is described as “a good man, full of the Holy Spirit and of faith” (11:24a). Because Barnabas was full of the Holy Spirit, he had the character of Jesus: love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness and self control (Gal.5:22–23). His name being first on the list suggests that the others grew under his leadership.

Saul, too, was “filled with the Holy Spirit” (9:17b). He used to be filled with murderous threats; he was going around everywhere to put believers in prison (9:1–2). But after encountering the Risen Christ, he received his one-sided grace and truly changed. He immediately started trying to help people believe in Jesus. But at that point he was still too controversial. Soon he had to be sent to his hometown, Tarsus. So how did Saul get to Antioch? When Barnabas first arrived, he realized all these new Gentile believers needed solid Bible teaching so that they could be grounded and grow in Christ. Then Barnabas remembered Saul and his gifted Bible teaching back in Jerusalem. He was convinced that God had prepared Saul for this. With his clear testimony of grace and all his Bible knowledge, Saul was the perfect prophet and teacher to help these new non-Jewish believers. So Barnabas personally went to Tarsus, got Saul and brought him back to Antioch. For a whole year the two of them met with the church and taught a great many people (11:25–26a). It was through their diligent Bible teaching ministry that these other gifted leaders were raised.

And Barnabas and Saul were open to others joining them. They even welcomed them as their equals in the teaching ministry. How did the others step up to share this responsibility? It doesn’t exactly say. But as Barnabas and Saul shared God’s word, the Holy Spirit began working in these other men. Barnabas and Saul could discern the spiritual gifts the Holy Spirit was giving Niger, Manaen and Lucius. No doubt they invited them to teach along with them. In Christ, all five guys came to have the same mind, the same love; they were in full accord and of one mind (Phil.2:2). They shared the same shepherd’s heart for these new believers. They had the same goal, to build them up in Christ. They were all inspired by the Holy Spirit. They were all sharing God’s word. This is what made them a united team. In the Spirit they could actually trust each other and support each other. But unity didn’t happen with their effort; it was the unity of the Spirit (Eph.4:3). In the Spirit, their differences turned out to make the most beautiful harmony. Earlier, the Holy Spirit worked in seven young men to join the apostles in serving the church (6:3). Now in Antioch, there’s a team of “Five Guys” growing as leaders because again, the Holy Spirit himself is raising them. We need to remember it’s the Holy Spirit who fills and raises new leaders, if we let him. And it’s the Holy Spirit who unites us in Christ as a real team. Are we on “Team Jesus” with some other people, even one? May God open our eyes and hearts to see it.

2. Listening (2)

What are “the Antioch Five” doing? Look at verse 2a. They’re not just talking, eating, or enjoying a common interest. They’re “worshipping the Lord and fasting.” Their being together is rooted in worship of Jesus. They’re “worshipping” and “fasting.” Wait, what? Why? Sometimes we fast when we’re repenting. Sometimes it’s just to seek God. Here, the team is fasting together. They’re humbly trying to listen to God together. And what happens? Read verse 2. This must be such a shock. They’re a team, but honestly they’ve been depending on Barnabas and Saul. Without those two, they might think everything will collapse. And yet, setting apart Barnabas and Saul is not anybody’s idea. The Holy Spirit is the One with this direction. The Holy Spirit gives us direction? Yes. How can we know something is the Holy Spirit’s direction? We have to be listening.

Sadly, we can develop a bad habit of thinking we know all there is to know. We find out what works and stick with that. We operate with so many assumptions. Soon we find we’re not good at listening. Even in Christian life, we just live based on a bunch of past experience and head knowledge and keep on repeating it. We get so fixed, we can’t really hear God, even if he were screaming at us. But listening to God is a crucial part of Christian life. We need to keep listening, first and foremost, to Jesus, through his words. We need to listen to those full of the Holy Spirit, and sometimes, just to our fellow human beings. Here, in community, these Five Guys need to listen to the Holy Spirit himself. He doesn’t say what they want to hear, but they need to listen to Him anyway.

In Acts, the Holy Spirit is mentioned so many times. The Holy Spirit is the One who’s been directing the believers until now. At the beginning, the Risen Jesus promised to baptize believers with the Holy Spirit (1:5). He said with the power of the Holy Spirit, even his weak disciples would become his witnesses to the end of the earth (1:8). The Holy Spirit worked in Peter to drive out his fear, give him spiritual insight, and make him a bold leader and gospel messenger. The Holy Spirit empowered them all to boldly speak the word of God (4:31). But the Holy Spirit was not just for the first believers. Anyone who repents of sin, believes in Jesus and experiences the forgiveness of sins receives the Holy Spirit (2:38–39). Samaritans who believed in Jesus received the Holy Spirit (8:15–17). Gentiles who believed in Jesus received the Holy Spirit (10:44–47; 11:15–16). Whoever we are, we need to learn to keep in step with the Spirit (Gal.5:25).

The Holy Spirit is not just spiritual power; he’s a person. He’s God the Spirit, one of the three Persons of the Trinity. As God the Spirit, he’s sovereign. So the Holy Spirit says here, “Set apart for me…” The Holy Spirit reveals God’s calling. The Holy Spirit shows us the work God has for us to do. This is why we need to be listening. The Holy Spirit speaks to us personally, but he also speaks to us as a community. In the Book of Revelation it repeatedly says, “He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches” (2:7,11,17,29; 3:6,13,22). Sometimes the Spirit comforts and encourages; sometimes, he’s challenging us as a church, or even rebuking us.

What does it mean that the Holy Spirit “says” something? It may seem scary to be hearing the voice of the Holy Spirit. But we don’t need to be afraid; the Holy Spirit will never tell us anything contrary to God’s word. He’s the Spirit of truth who helps us remember the words of Jesus and guides us into all the truth (John 14:26; 16:13). Here, he tells this team of leaders something. Most likely it’s not an audible voice from heaven; probably one of them speaks these words through the Holy Spirit. Sometimes we’re not sure it’s really the Holy Spirit who’s speaking. So the Bible tells us to “test the spirits” to see if they are from God (1 John 4:1–6). We all have a tendency to resist the Holy Spirit (7:51), so we really need to learn how to listen. God wants to do something great through this Antioch church. How tragic if they’re not listening. Are we making space daily to stop assuming, stop telling God things, and just open up to him and start listening?

3. Obeying (3–12)

Sometimes it seems like we’re listening, but really we’ve zoned out. Or we hear and just say, “Interesting.” But what do these “Five Guys” do? Read verse 3. They fast and pray more, to make sure it’s the Spirit’s voice. Then they obey. Real listening and obedience overlap. If we’re really listening to the Spirit, we’ll obey Him. When they confirm the Spirit’s direction through prayer and fasting, the guys lay their hands on Barnabas and Saul and send them off. Wow. They don’t know when they’ll see them again. They could have sent Lucius instead, or done this is some more reasonable, safe way. But this is really radical, obedient faith. They’re sending off their two best workers. They’re sure this is from God, so they’re ready to do it. God is asking this healthy church to take the next step and become a missionary-sending church. Sending missionaries has always been hard, not easy. If we’re waiting for perfection, it’ll never happen. Honestly, we’re often trying to hold onto people for our own purpose. We try to live based on our own plans. But God our Father has a calling for each of us. He has work for us to do. His vision is still to raise people as Jesus’ witnesses and send us out to the end of the earth. All we need do is obey him, and God will take care of the rest. The American missionary mobilizer Luther Wishard famously said, “I am willing to go anywhere, at any time, to do anything for Jesus.” So many American college students responded to his challenge and went to some of the toughest places in the world. Because of their obedience, today there’s a great fruit of the gospel in the Global South. Luther Wishard was also famous for praying, “Lord, do it again.” Let’s pray God may stir the college students of this generation to listen to his Spirit and obey his call to go out as permanent missionaries to wherever his Spirit leads them. Are we serious about listening to God’s call? Do we have a clue about the work he’s prepared for us to do? Have we ever seriously considered obeying the world mission command of our Lord Jesus?

In verses 4–12 we see the first place God led them. It was to the island of Cyprus, the home country of Barnabas. They had John Mark with them as their helper (11:25b; 12:5b). Soon they got to the western town of Paphos, where they encountered a certain magician. At the same time, the government official Sergius Paulus summoned Barnabas and Saul and wanted to hear the word of God. But the magician thought he’d lose his job if his boss started listening to the apostles. So he opposed God’s servants and tried to turn the official from the faith. Read verse 9. Here’s where Saul becomes Paul, the clear spiritual leader of the team. God does a miracle through him and makes the magician blind for a time, and the official comes to faith in Jesus. We learn two things here: 1) spreading the gospel is spiritual warfare, an invasion of enemy territory; 2) the Holy Spirit can still work with such power if we would just obey him.

Today we learned what Christian life looks like. First, it’s unity in the Spirit to serve his church. Then, it’s really listening to the Spirit, even if it takes fasting. Finally, it’s about obeying the Spirit, with radical faith. Read verse 2 again. May God help us become one in the Spirit, do our best to listen to the Spirit, and have the faith to obey him. May God help each of us live out his calling and do his work in our generation.

(INTRODUCTION TO WHY WE STUDY HEBREWS 10:19-25)

One of the shepherd’s tasks is to help believers participate in church fellowship. Why can’t we just focus on our personal faith and devotions? Why do we also need to join other believers in an authentic community? Hebrews 10:19–25 says, “And let us consider how to stir up one another to love and good works, not neglecting to meet together…but encouraging one another…” (24–25a). To really exercise our faith, we need one another.

How can we help each other? Hebrews repeatedly urges us to “draw near” (4:16; 7:19,25; 10:1,22; 11:6). It means to draw near to God through our Great High Priest, our Lord Jesus Christ. We do it both personally and in community. In 10:19–25 the words “let us” are repeated three times, and in the entire book of Hebrews, a total of 14 times. Only as we draw near to God can we continue to live by faith and not shrink back (10:38–39). As we draw near to God, we mature in discernment (5:14), share in his holiness (12:10,14) and inherit his kingdom (12:28). But it’s not easy for us to draw near to God, because he is holy and we are sinful. Our sin can even harden our hearts (3:8,13,15; 4:7). So Hebrews urges us to exhort one another every day (3:12–13). As we do, we strengthen one another, clarify our direction, and build each other up in peace and holiness. We help every person “obtain the grace of God,” avoid any “root of bitterness,” and live a spiritual life instead of falling into godless immorality (12:12–16). In this study let’s learn how to draw near to God through our Lord Jesus, and how to encourage one another to worship him in community.

(QUESTIONS)

Hebrews 10:19-25 (Go to the ESV Bible verses)

Key Verse: 10:22a, let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith,

1. What “confidence” do believers have (19; cf. 4:16)? What are these “holy places” (9:24)? How does “the blood of Jesus” grant us access (9:12–14; 12:24; 13:12,20)? What is “the curtain” (20; cf. 6:19; 9:3)? The “new and living way” (20; cf. 9:8)? How does our “great priest” also help us (21; cf. 3:1; 4:14; 9:11)?

2. Read verse 22. Note how the expression “draw near” is repeated (4:16; 7:19,25; 10:1,22; 11:6). What does it mean to do this? What is an “evil conscience” (22b; cf. 9:9,14; 13:18)? What is this “washing” (22b; cf. 1 Pet.3:21; Eph.5:26)?

3. What is “the confession of our hope” (23; cf. 6:19–20)? Note how the expression “hold fast” is repeated in Hebrews (3:6; 4:14; 6:18; 10:23). What might cause believers to “waver”? Why should we not (23b)?

4. What is the third “let us” mentioned here (22,23,24), and what does it mean to do this? How should we specifically encourage one another (25)? Why is this an important part of being a shepherd?

(MESSAGE)

Key Verse: 10:22a, “…let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith…”

Do you ever wonder how you can encourage someone or inspire them in a good direction? The book of Hebrews has many “let us” encouragements to fellow Christians. One of my favorites is: “…let us run with endurance the race that is set before us, looking to Jesus…” (12:1-2). In today’s passage, there are three “let us” encouragements: “let us draw near,” “let us hold fast,” and “let us stir up one another.” Let us listen and learn and pray to apply these encouragements in our own lives as we run the race of faith as followers of Jesus.

Before we get into the “let us” encouragements, we need to do a brief review of Hebrews. Look at verses 19-21. “Therefore, brothers (and sisters), since we have confidence to enter the holy places by the blood of Jesus, by the new and living way that he opened for us through the curtain, that is, through his flesh, and since we have a great priest over the house of God…” There is a lot to unpack in these verses. But let’s consider just three things here: the blood of Jesus, the curtain, and a great priest.

All of these have to do with the Jewish temple or tabernacle. God set up intricate rules and regulations for the Jews to come to him through the tent or temple, through priests, and through the sacrifices of bulls and lambs. It seems strange to non-Jewish people but this was all to emphasize the holiness of God and how serious sin or transgression or wickedness is to God. The Jews were commanded by God to have priests sacrifice perfect, defectless lambs at the temple on behalf of themselves and their people. This was the way God commanded them to approach him. Without the shedding of this blood, there was no forgiveness. The blood represented life. God demanded life as the penalty for sin. The wages of sin is the death penalty. God accepted the sacrifice of bulls, lambs and goats.

These were all just a foreshadowing of the ultimate human substitutionary sacrifice. To borrow the words of a Christian singer: “… Most people don’t find out till it’s too late, that someone has to pay the price. You can pay it yourself, or let someone else, but who would be that nice? To pay a debt that isn’t his, well I know someone like that. And he’s your best friend, he really is. He really loves you.” (Altar Call by Keith Green)

The book of Hebrews declares that Jesus Christ is the perfect sacrifice for our sins. His blood cleanses us of all sin when we confess and repent of our sins and trust in him. Heb 9:12 and 14 says, “…he entered once for all into the holy places, not by means of the blood of goats and calves but by means of his own blood, thus securing an eternal redemption…how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, purify our conscience from dead works to serve the living God.”

Jesus’ death also removed the curtain that separated sinners from the holy presence of God. That curtain was torn in two at the very moment that Jesus died on the cross. Hebrews 9:24 declares: “For Christ has entered, not into holy places made with hands, which are copies of the true things, but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God on our behalf.”

Jesus is also the great high priest who represents us before God. At least 12 times in Hebrews Jesus is called our high priest. Hebrews 3:1 says, “Therefore, holy brothers (and sisters), you who share in a heavenly calling, consider Jesus, the apostle and high priest of our confession…” Again, Hebrews 4:14 says, “Since then we have a great high priest who has passed through the heavens, Jesus, the Son of God, let us hold fast our confession.”

Jesus is the perfect lamb sacrifice for our sins. Jesus’ death opened a new and living way for us through his death on the cross. Jesus is the great high priest who represents us before a perfect and holy God. Jesus’ death for us fulfills all the requirements for our forgiveness and salvation. To him be glory now and forever. Amen.

With this brief overview, now let’s consider the three “let us” encouragements.

First, let us draw near. Look at verse 22. “…let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith, with our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience and our bodies washed with pure water.” This verse tells us to draw near to God. This echoes Hebrews 4:16, “Let us then with confidence draw near to the throne of grace, that we may receive mercy and find grace to help in time of need.” Our faith in Jesus gives us confidence to draw near to God’s throne of grace.

Again, Hebrews 7:25 says, “Consequently, he is able to save to the uttermost those who draw near to God through him, since he always lives to make intercession for them.” We draw near to God through Jesus our Intercessor, and he is able to save us completely. And Hebrews 11:6 is a familiar Bible verse to many, “And without faith it is impossible to please him, for whoever would draw near to God must believe that he exists and that he rewards those who seek him.” We draw near to God through faith in his promises to us in Jesus Christ our Lord and Savior and Great High Priest.

Look at verse 22 again: “…let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith, with our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience and our bodies washed with pure water.” It mentions our hearts being sprinkled and our bodies being washed. These are both references to the temple worship. The priests sprinkled the people with blood. Listen again to 9:14 quoted earlier, “…how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, purify our conscience from dead works to serve the living God.”

There was also a washing ceremony. 1 Corinthians 6:9-11 refers to this washing by faith in Jesus and the work of the Holy Spirit: “Or do you not know that the unrighteous will not inherit the kingdom of God? Do not be deceived: neither the sexually immoral, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor men who practice homosexuality, nor thieves, nor the greedy, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor swindlers will inherit the kingdom of God. And such were some of you. But you were washed, you were sanctified, you were justified in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ and by the Spirit of our God.”

Brothers and sisters, let us draw near to God with a sincere heart in full assurance of faith in our Lord Jesus Christ.

The second encouragement is in verse 23. “Let us hold fast the confession of our hope without wavering, for he who promised is faithful.” Here are three verses in Hebrews that speak of holding fast our confidence, confession and hope in Christ:

3:6, “…but Christ is faithful over God’s house as a son. And we are his house, if indeed we hold fast our confidence and our boasting in our hope.”

4:14, “Since then we have a great high priest who has passed through the heavens, Jesus, the Son of God, let us hold fast our confession.”

6:18, “…so that by two unchangeable things, in which it is impossible for God to lie, we who have fled for refuge might have strong encouragement to hold fast to the hope set before us.”

To hold fast means to hold tight or cling to and not let go. It is a term among sailors to hold on to some part of the ship so they wouldn’t be swept overboard. When waves rocked the boat they had to hold fast to something secure. Likewise, Christians can hold fast to God’s promises, because God does not lie. We have been given many promises of God in Jesus Christ in the New Testament. All God’s promises are “Yes” in Christ. Are you in a difficult situation? Find God’s promise in the Bible regarding it, and hold fast to his promise. What then is the promise or confidence that we have been given in Jesus Christ? For one thing, we have the hope and promise of eternal life, such as John 3:16: “For God so loved the world, that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life.” Are you feeling anxious about your future security? We have Jesus’ promise in Matthew 6:33: “But seek first the kingdom of God and his righteousness, and all these things will be added to you.” Our senior pastor said he struggles with feeling weary and tired, so he is holding fast to Matthew 11:28 as his 2025 key verse, “Come to me, all who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.” The Bible is a book of God’s promises. Do you want to be free from worry or fear? Hold fast to the confession and hope that is in Jesus Christ. God is faithful. God keeps his promises. Never will he leave us or forsake us. Nothing can separate us from the love of God in Christ Jesus our Lord.

Third, let us stir up one another. This is an interesting one. Look at verses 24-25. “And let us consider how to stir up one another to love and good works, not neglecting to meet together, as is the habit of some, but encouraging one another, and all the more as you see the Day drawing near.”

The words “stir up one another” can also be translated “provoke one another” or “spur on one another.” But hold on before you go around provoking and jabbing your fellow Christians. What is it we are told to stir up or provoke or spur on one another to do? The verse says “to love and good works.” We are not competing with one another. We are encouraging one another to love God and love others and to do good works. This is a healthy, godly stirring up one another. Why do we need to do this?

Obviously, it is because we are all prone to stop loving and doing good works. What might cause us to stop loving or doing good works? Perhaps tiredness or discouragement or bitterness or being emotionally wounded. In such times, we need a good friend to come alongside us to help and encourage us.

Have you seen the video clip of the marathon runner who fell near the finish line and couldn’t finish the race? Then his brother comes and helps him cross the finish line. Or the Olympian runner who got injured in the race and is crying in pain and disappointment? Then his father runs onto the track and helps him cross the finish line. Those are good examples of helping someone not to give up but to fight the good fight and finish the race.

When I was a student, I had a friend. We lived in different buildings on campus. But whoever was first to get up would go and knock on the other’s window to wake each other up. For what? It was to go to a Daily Bread prayer meeting. That was encouraging each other in love and good deeds, which we both appreciated. We did this not to annoy each other but to encourage and help each other.

The author gives one example here. He says in verse 25, “…not neglecting to meet together, as is the habit of some, but encouraging one another, and all the more as you see the Day drawing near.” Do you ever get tired of meeting together? The early Christians did. And they didn’t have the conveniences of cars or busses or alarm clocks or the internet. I really wanted to attend the men’s Bible study on this passage on Saturday morning to help me more with preparing this message. I even had an alarm clock to help me. But my body said I need more sleep. So I chose not to attend the online meeting. Sorry, guys. Thanks and good job to those who attended.

Of course, there are valid reasons not to gather with others, such as sickness, or physical limitations, or long commutes. But the Bible is urging us to keep meeting together to encourage each other in following and loving Jesus and waiting for his return. This means overcoming hindrances and lame excuses. Perhaps we need a friend like I mentioned before.

I have a faithful fishing friend. I mean fishing for people, not for fish. This person is my wife. We have a standing appointment to invite college students to Bible study once a week, usually right after a lunch Bible study. In all honesty, I often don’t want to go because I’m tired or it’s too cold or rainy or I just don’t want to be rejected when I speak with a student. But we spur one another on to go anyway. And you know what happens? I’m thankful, even if no student shows interest. Somehow, just doing it for Jesus with joy and prayer makes me happy. I never regret it or feel like it was a waste of time. Have you considered how you can encourage someone who is down or struggling and needs a friendly boost or helping hand?

Let’s consider how we can stir up one another to love and good works. Let’s hold fast to our hope in God’s faithful promises. Let’s draw near to God in full assurance of faith. Chapter 11 has a lot of good examples of living by faith. But that’s another sermon.

(QUESTIONS)

Philemon 1:1-25 (Go to the ESV Bible verses)

Key Verses: 10, ^“I appeal to you for my child, Onesimus, whose father I became in my imprisonment.”

1. How does Paul introduce himself (1a, 9, 23-24)? Who is Philemon to him (1b,19b,20a)? What are Paul’s thanksgiving and prayer topics for Philemon (4-7)? Why might Paul write them first?

2. Who is Onesimus to Paul (10,11b-13,16) and to Philemon (11,15-16,18a)? What is Paul going to do for Onesimus (12a,16)? Why does Paul send him back to Philemon (11b,15-16; 2Co 5:18-21)?

3. What attitude does Paul have toward Philemon (8-10,14)? What specific pleas does Paul have for Philemon? (15b-17, 21b)? What is the basis of his appeal (5)? What results does Paul expect (20-21,25)? Why does Paul ask such a bold request of Philemon (Gal 3:26-28)?

4. How does Paul’s shepherding Onesimus and Philemon reflect Jesus’ shepherding? (cf. Lk 23:34a; Jn 10:11; Mt 18:21-35) How can we grow to be such good shepherds?

(MESSAGE)

Key Verse: 10 “I appeal to you for my child, Onesimus, whose father I became in my imprisonment.”

Last week, we learned of Jesus, the Good Shepherd, who lays down his life for the sheep. Have you decided to grow as a good shepherd like Him this year? If so, how can we grow? Ultimately we grow by learning from Jesus. But we can also learn from human shepherds. Paul is a super apostle and gifted evangelist who planted churches all over the Roman world. Today, in Paul’s personal letter to Philemon, we see Paul’s beautiful shepherding of Philemon and Onesimus while in prison. His shepherding has two essential elements: his shepherding is gospel-centered and carried out with the father’s heart and humility.  May we learn from Paul and grow as good shepherds in this year.

1. Paul’s life in prison: a good sheep to Jesus

The book of Philemon is Paul’s personal letter to Philemon. Short as it is, it shows many things about Paul. Among them, I will focus on only two things.

First, Paul is a good sheep to Jesus. How does Paul introduce himself in his letter? In verse 1a, Paul calls himself “a prisoner for Christ Jesus,” which implies he is in prison. Though he is imprisoned by the Roman Emperor, he identifies himself as a prisoner for/of Christ Jesus. He recognizes that it is in Jesus’ sovereignty that he is in a Roman prison. Can you believe that Jesus, the Good Shepherd, led his faithful sheep, at the end of his life, into a dark, cold and lonely prison? It doesn’t look like a green pasture. Sometimes, we feel frustrated and discouraged when unexpected and unpleasant things happen to us. Joseph in the Old Testament also ended up in prison. In such a situation, people become bitter, angry, frustrated or depressed, feeling helpless and hopeless. What about Apostle Paul? Is he bitter? Not at all! He is confident saying, “I am a prisoner for Christ.” In Philippians, one of the letters he wrote in that prison, Paul says, “Rejoice in the Lord always; again I will say, rejoice… I have learned in whatever situation I am to be content… I can do all things through Him who strengthens me…” (Php 4:3, 11,13) Paul is a good sheep to Jesus who is his source of life, strength, and joy.

Second, Paul is raising future spiritual leaders in prison.  Look at verse 1a. “Paul, a prisoner for Christ Jesus, and Timothy our brother.” Verses 23-24 tell us there are others alongside him in prison. Let’s read them together.  “Epaphras, my fellow prisoner in Christ Jesus, sends greetings to you, and so do Mark, Aristarchus, Demas, and Luke, my fellow workers.” He has been working together with them. Epaphras is his fellow prison-mate, and the others willingly visited and worked with Paul. These people left their families and home to work alongside Paul, a prisoner. Why? Paul has the fragrance of Jesus, the Good Shepherd. They brought the news from the churches. And Paul wrote and sent letters to the churches of Ephesus, Philippi, and Colossae, building up these churches even from jail. Even more inspiring is that Mark and Luke, who will write 2 of the 4 gospels, are with him. Through Paul, while he is in prison, they are learning the essence of the Gospel of Jesus Christ. Timothy is being trained to be a shepherd/pastor there. Wow! As for Paul, the Roman prison is a spiritual Westpoint where he is raising future spiritual leaders. Can any of you imagine a worse situation than Paul in prison? May God bless you to grow as good sheep to Jesus, and become good shepherds who raise spiritual leaders in whatever context and circumstance you are in.

2. Paul’s gospel-centered shepherding

Now it is time to learn how Paul shepherds two persons personally: Onesimus in prison and Philemon in Colossae.

First, Paul’s shepherding Onesimus.  Who is Onesimus? Verse 16 states that Onesimus was Philemon’s bondservant.  Verse 18 says that Onesimus had wronged his master Philemon, and owed him something, likely stole money from him. And Onesimus ran away. For some reason, he was arrested and placed in Paul’s prison-cell. In verse 10, however, now this runaway slave and thief was saved through Paul’s gospel message and Christ-like life. Paul dearly loved Onesimus.  Paul calls him “my child” (10), “my very heart” (12) and “beloved brother.” (16) Paul, while busy serving future leaders like Timothy, Luke and Mark, and serving all the churches around the world, has also cared for a lowly and useless runaway slave like Onesimus with such deep affection. Now Onesimus is serving Christ Jesus and is working together with other gospel workers, his fellow brothers in Christ. Surely Jesus, the Good Shepherd, has put Paul in prison to save and love this one lost sheep, Onesimus!

Let’s see how Paul shepherds Onesimus further. For several days, Onesimus must have looked dark and worried. Paul asks him, “What’s up, son?” Onesimus answers, “My prison term is almost over. What shall I do?” Surely it is good news, isn’t it? On the other hand, it is a scary and challenging moment for Onesimus!

Paul could advise him saying, “Onesimus, you must take ownership over your life! If I were you, I would look for a job and a woman to marry.” Or Paul could say, “Onesimus, you are free in Christ. Move on from your past life. Do what may glorify God and make you happy!” Or, “Onesimus, you can stay with me, an old man, and work with me. I need you.”

But how does Paul shepherd Onesimus further in that critical situation? Let’s read verse 12. “I am sending him back to you, sending my very heart.” Paul must have said to Onesimus, “Will you go back to Philemon, your former master?” What is Paul doing as a shepherd?  Does Paul condone the evil, unjust system of slavery? When we read what he asks Philemon to do for Onesimus, we can see that it is not the case. We need to understand why and how Paul and Onesimus must have come to that decision.

Paul understood the core of the gospel. Jesus laid down his life on a cross. Why? In 2 Co 5:18-20 Paul says, “All this is from God, who through Christ reconciled us to himself and gave us the ministry of reconciliation; that is, in Christ God was reconciling the world to himself, not counting their trespasses against them, and entrusting to us the message of reconciliation. Therefore, we are ambassadors for Christ, God making his appeal through us. We implore you on behalf of Christ, be reconciled to God.” Paul recognizes that the very reason God made Jesus to be sin for our sake is that we can be reconciled to God. Paul also knows that once we are reconciled to God and have peace with God, we are to be reconciled with other people, especially with other Christians.  We are called to forgive them and ask for their forgiveness. Our reconciliation with God and man is the essence of the gospel and the very goal of shepherding. For this reason, Paul is going to send Onesimus to Philemon so that they can truly experience the power of the gospel of reconciliation.

After several days’ Bible studies, surely Onesimus agreed with Paul and decided to go back to Philemon. However, Onesimus is still fearful because he has seen runaway slaves crucified. Onesimus continues to say, “What if Philemon refuses to receive me back and wants to execute me! I am scared!” Paul says to him, “Have faith in the power of the gospel. Philemon is also a mature Christian. I will write a letter to him. Simply deliver my letter to him.”

In a brief summary, Paul’s shepherding of Onesimus is personal beginning from where Onesimus is, from his context, and is gospel-centered. How can we shepherd each person personally from their own contexts? One of my shepherding mentors says that she reads her sheep’s life-testimonies again and again until she can know them better than they know themselves. Another mentor says he has written down what his sheep says and doesn’t say during each Bible study and in their testimonies. In summary, a good shepherd prayerfully listens to his sheep until they see where they are, what they are struggling with. However, shepherding shouldn’t stop there. A good shepherd guides them to the gospel. I have been guiding one young man to Jesus with one question: “Are your thoughts, your words, your plan right now in line with the gospel and in line with your new identity as a new creation?”

May God enable us to know by name our children, our Bible students, our coworkers so that we can learn to shepherd them contextually and help them to apply the gospel deeply into their lives.

Second, Paul’s shepherding Philemon. While listening to Onesimus’ personal story, Paul learned that Philemon at Colossae is his legal owner. Shockingly, Paul recognizes that Philemon is the very person who owed his life to him.  Philemon was saved through Paul’s gospel message. What is more, Paul has prayed for him day and night as Philemon shepherded the Colossian Church. Philemon has had a deep personal love relationship with Paul.

Now let’s focus on Paul’s shepherding Philemon further through his letter. After calling him “our beloved fellow worker (1b),”  Paul writes his thanksgiving and prayer topics for him (4-7). Paul recognizes God’s work in Philemon’s life; because of Philemon’s love and faith toward the Lord Jesus and others, Paul and all the saints have been greatly encouraged and refreshed through Philemon. In other words, Philemon is a mature Christian. However, Paul’s shepherding of him doesn’t stop there. Let’s read verse 6. “And I pray that the sharing of your faith may become effective for the full knowledge of every good thing that is in us for the sake of Christ.” Here the full knowledge of every good thing that is in us or in you is the gospel. Paul is shepherding Philemon by asking him to deal with Onesimus by practicing the gospel by faith.

Practically, what does Paul want Philemon to do? Does he ask Philemon to receive his runaway slave without punishment, and accept him back as his bondservant? Let’s read verse 17,  “So if you consider me your partner, receive him as you would receive me.” Paul asks Philemon to receive Onesimus as he would receive Paul! Paul asks Philemon to go far beyond the cultural expectation. He says in 15-16: “For this perhaps is why he was parted from you for a while, that you might have him back forever, no longer as a bondservant but more than a bondservant, as a beloved brother – especially to me, but how much more to you, both in the flesh and in the Lord.” Paul asks him to receive him no longer as a bondservant, but as a beloved brother, forever. He asks him to receive him as Paul’s own very heart!

How is the gospel applied in this bold request? Paul’s Biblical logic: Premise A: Onesimus is a beloved brother to Paul in the Lord. Premise B: Paul is a beloved brother to Philemon in the Lord. Conclusion: Onesimus is Philemon’s brother in the Lord. Paul’s request of Philemon doesn’t stop there.  Look at verse 21. “Confident of your obedience, I write to you, knowing that you will do even more than I say.” Paul implicitly asks him to free Onesimus.

As for us, Paul’s request of Philemon sounds Biblical and right. However, in Philemon’s context, it is an unprecedented and revolutionary request that goes against the times, human traditions and culture! However, Paul is confident that Philemon will obey him. Where does his confidence come from?

In Gal 3:26-28 Paul says, “for in Christ Jesus you are all sons of God, through faith.  For as many of you as were baptized into Christ have put on Christ. There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave nor free, there is no male and female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus.” We who are united with Jesus  by faith  are brothers and sisters first to Jesus and then to one another. Paul is shepherding Philemon, asking him to practice ‘the gospel of brotherhood’ in Jesus by liberating his slave Onesimus and embracing him as his beloved brother.

Paul’s shepherding of Philemon is gospel-centered. The gospel of brotherhood is radical. It goes  against ungodly systems, traditions, cultures and trends. The gospel challenges us to go beyond forgiving those who have sinned against us. The gospel challenges us to embrace them as our beloved brothers and sisters in Christ! Do you have the courage to bring the kingdom of God on earth by gospel-centered shepherding? Or are you scared?

While examining my life as a shepherd, I see two obvious weaknesses among many: self-condemnation and fear of people. When I see myself not practicing the gospel especially when I am alone, I feel ashamed and unqualified to ask others to live by the gospel. I also feel afraid of people, thinking, “They might leave the church if they are told to live by faith and practice the counter-cultural gospel against their sinful nature and worldly values.” So I have become timid. I have tried to hide behind P. Mark and Kevin. I can just remain as a Bible teacher and theologian, without intervening in others’ lives. Like the lion in the Christmas drama, Lord, I need courage that comes from the faith in the gospel! In repentance and hope to live a gospel-centered and courageous shepherd’s life, I choose Gal 2:20 as my new year key verse, which states, “I have been crucified with Christ. It is no longer I who live, but Christ who lives in me. And the life I now live in the flesh I live by faith in the Son of God, who loved me and gave himself for me.” I pray that I may crucify my old timid and fearful man daily, live as a gospel-centered and courageous new creation, and live out the shepherd’s life in my union with Christ. May God bless each of you to live a gospel-centered and courageous shepherd’s life as well.

3.   Paul’s shepherding in father’s heart and humility

In Paul’s shepherding of Onesimus and Philemon, we may assume he is a strong charismatic leader who forces them to obey him saying, “Onesimus, go back to your slave master. Philemon! Free Onesimus from slavery.” No! As he carries out his personal and gospel-centered shepherding, he does so with father’s love and deep humility.

Paul calls himself “a prisoner of Christ Jesus,” which implies that he does not depend on his authority as an apostle of Christ Jesus. He deeply respects Timothy enough to call him “our brother,” not my intern. He calls Philemon “our beloved fellow worker and brother,” not his life-long sheep. He acknowledges his faith and love as well. Verses 8-10 highlights his father’s heart and humility. Let’s read them together. “Accordingly, though I am bold enough in Christ to command you to do what is required, yet for love’s sake I prefer to appeal to you—I, Paul, an old man and now a prisoner also for Christ Jesus — I appeal to you for my child, Onesimus, whose father I became in my imprisonment.” Verses 17-19 also reveals another aspect of his shepherding, which states, “So if you consider me your partner, receive him as you would receive me. If he has wronged you at all, or owes you anything, charge that to my account. I, Paul, write this with my own hand: I will repay it—to say nothing of your owing me even your own self.” I am not sure whether Paul has enough money to pay back Onesimus’ debt. But he is willing to do anything for Onesimus.

Paul’s humble and willing shepherding reflects Jesus, the Good Shepherd, who laid down his life for the sins of his sheep as a ransom saying “Father, forgive them for they know not what they do.” (Lk 23:34a). May our life also reflect Jesus, the Good Shepherd.

Today, we learned about shepherding through Paul. He is a shepherd in prison His shepherding has two essential elements: he shepherds them with the gospel, and with a father’s heart and deep humility. May God bless us to grow as good sheep to Jesus and as good shepherds, who practice gospel-centered shepherding with love and humility.

(QUESTIONS)

John 10:1-18 (Go to the ESV Bible verses)

Key Verse: 10:11, “I am the good shepherd. The good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep.”

1. Who is Jesus addressing here, and why (9:34,40–41)? In his words, what shows who is a shepherd and who is a thief or robber (1–2)? What could this “door” represent (10)?

2. How does Jesus describe the shepherd and his sheep (3–4)? What does it mean to know them “by name”? To “hear” and “know” his “voice”? Who are the “strangers” (5)? What can we learn here about how to be good shepherds? Good sheep of Jesus?

3. What does Jesus say again (6–8)? What does it mean that he is “the door” of the sheep? What happens to those who “enter by him” (9), and what does it mean to “be saved” and to “find pasture”? How can we live like this?

4. What are Jesus’ motives in helping people (10)? Read verse 11. Why does he say he “lays down his life” for the sheep (cf. 17–18; 15:13; cf. 1 John 3:16)? What does he say about “the hired hand” (12–13), and how is he similar yet different from a good shepherd? What is Jesus teaching us here?

5. What more does Jesus say about the good shepherd (14–15)? What larger vision does he have (16)? What else does the good shepherd do (17–18), and why?

6. Review the qualities of a good shepherd Jesus teaches here. How can we grow to be more like him?

(MESSAGE)

Key Verse: 10:11, “I am the good shepherd. The good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep.”

Do you feel qualified to help others? Some people are eager to teach, correct, and give advice. But most of us would answer, “No, I don’t feel qualified.” Even if we know a certain subject, or have some experience, if asked how good a mentor we are, we might pause, or wonder if we have any business even trying to help. Ours is an individualistic culture where people focus on themselves. Staying self-focused seems so much easier and safer. But in today’s passage Jesus proclaims that he’s the good shepherd. Why? More than anything, he wants us to come to him, believe in him, and have life abundantly in him. He’s also implying that those who follow him should learn from him. What does he mean that he is the good shepherd? And how can sinners like us possibly become good shepherds like him? May God speak to us through his word.

The opening to chapter 10 is unusual. There’s no change of time or place, no people mentioned, no activity. Jesus just begins speaking. He starts with a solemn introduction, “Truly, truly, I say to you…”, he says it again in verse 7, and he keeps speaking until verse 18. He makes not one but two of his seven “I am” statements in John, and he repeats them both: “I am the door” (7,9) and “I am the good shepherd (11,14). What’s going on? Jesus has just performed his sixth of seven miraculous signs. In his compassion he healed a man born blind (9:1–7). How the man testified about his grace is heart-moving (9,11,15,17,25,27,30–33). But the way the religious leaders responded is disturbing. They used their authority to pressure the man and his parents to deny Jesus (16–24,28–29). When the man refused, they treated him like garbage and cast him out (34). Jesus went and found this man abandoned by everyone and helped him believe (35–38). Then he rebuked the Pharisees (39–41). Now he takes this opportunity to help his disciples and us learn about himself. But how?

1. The shepherd and his sheep (1–6)

Look at verses 1–5. “Truly, truly, I say to you, he who does not enter the sheepfold by the door but climbs in by another way, that man is a thief and a robber. ² But he who enters by the door is the shepherd of the sheep. ³ To him the gatekeeper opens. The sheep hear his voice, and he calls his own sheep by name and leads them out. ⁴ When he has brought out all his own, he goes before them, and the sheep follow him, for they know his voice. ⁵ A stranger they will not follow, but they will flee from him, for they do not know the voice of strangers.”

Jesus’ words here are a “figure of speech” (6). In their world these were everyday things: sheep, a sheepfold with a doorway, a gatekeeper, a shepherd, a thief, a robber, and a stranger. They’re all so ordinary, but it’s all so deep, so Jesus explains it later. For now, he says the shepherd enters the sheepfold by the door. The shepherd knows the sheep by name. The shepherd comes to the sheep daily. The gatekeeper knows him. Sheep know the shepherd’s voice. The shepherd goes before them. Because they trust him, sheep follow. Sheep never follow a stranger. He’s talking about not animals but people. What’s his point? Mainly he’s exposing bad leaders. He calls them “thieves,” “robbers,” and “strangers.” Leaders, even so-called “religious” ones, if they’re bad, are actually thieves, robbers, strangers. It says, “…but they did not understand what he was saying to them” (6b). Still, Jesus uses this figure of speech, not just to rebuke bad leaders, but to help us all get to know him better.

2. “I am the door” (7–10)

Read verse 7. ^“So Jesus again said to them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, I am the door of the sheep.” In verse 2 Jesus said the shepherd “enters by the door.” Here he says he himself is the door. Why is he stressing this? He wants us to know he’s the only way of salvation (5:24). Later he says, “I am the way, and the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me” (14:6). Here he continues, “All who came before me are thieves and robbers, but the sheep did not listen to them” (8). He means the legalistic Pharisees. He might also mean false prophets, messiahs, or teachers, or any bogus “leader” with a personal agenda. Sadly, some today who appear to be religious leaders are actually “sketch.” They’re suspicious, not trustworthy, even dangerous. Why? Because they did not go through the door, they’ve got the wrong motives.

By saying he’s “the door,” Jesus is sharing the first timeless truth in being a shepherd: A shepherd always approaches people through the door, through Jesus. A shepherd first needs to be united with Jesus in the Holy Spirit through personal repentance and faith. Only then can he or she genuinely help people. The shepherd who “enters by the door” helps people turn not to himself or herself, but to Jesus, the door. Such a shepherd helps people believe only in the name of Jesus, and helps them only for his sake.^[1] If we’re truly Christ-centered and prayerfully point people to him, his sheep sense it and trust us. But if we have other motives, no matter how clever we are, his sheep won’t listen to us.

Read verse 9. “I am the door. If anyone enters by me, he will be saved and will go in and out and find pasture.” Jesus the door is the only way of salvation, but the phrase “go in and out” also says he’s the door his sheep use regularly. As the door, he’s the one we can come to every day. This is the second timeless truth in being a shepherd: we first need to come to Jesus personally. Before doing anything, and after doing anything, at the beginning of the day, and at the end, every day, we need to come to Jesus, the door, personally. He promises that if we do, we’ll “find pasture.” Our souls will find satisfaction, security and rest if we come to him. Spending time in prayer and Bible study is not to impress people, but to truly spend time with Jesus. It’s not occasional, or forced; we do it every chance we get. Shepherds come to Jesus, the door, every day, and help others do so also.

Read verse 10. “The thief comes only to steal and kill and destroy. I came that they may have life and have it abundantly.” Jesus, the door is a contrast to bad leaders. In his words we find the third timeless truth for shepherds: we need to share in the heart of Jesus, who really wants sheep to have life abundantly. He doesn’t want us to just be doing the bare minimum, or meticulously keeping superficial rituals, or putting on a show, while our inner problems remain untouched and unresolved. He wants us to have life abundantly in him. What is “life abundantly”? “Abundantly” means “beyond the expected, over and above, more than enough.” During Advent, we saw how “life abundantly” is full of hope, full of peace, full of love, and full of great joy. In “life abundantly,” we have real conviction and direction to serve our Lord Jesus and his sheep. “Life abundantly” comes if only we have a real relationship with Jesus. As the door, he’s the source––not activities, not methods, but a living relationship with our living Lord. Shepherds don’t just try to hold people in their ministry with activities for the sake of having people and looking good. And we don’t approach people with mere sympathy or pity. We do our best to bring them to Jesus, the door, who alone gives salvation, pasture, and life abundantly.

3. “I am the good shepherd” (11–18)

Thus far Jesus has been describing a shepherd. A shepherd knows his sheep by name. A shepherd leads his sheep. A shepherd regularly takes his sheep to pasture. A shepherd wants his sheep to have life abundantly. All this shows how a shepherd loves his sheep. Now Jesus comes to a climax. Read verse 11. “I am the good shepherd. The good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep.” It’s love’s greatest expression (15:13). Jesus didn’t die on a cross as an epic self-sacrifice for an idea or cause. He died for real, live human beings, for us––even in our hostility, rebellion, and stubborn unbelief. In this way he became “the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world” (1:29). This Jesus, our good shepherd, fulfilled God’s prophecies to send us a shepherd.^[2] Because God, at his core, is our Shepherd,^[3] Jesus being our good shepherd proves he’s God’s Incarnate Son (1:14). Through his death, only he can restore our broken relationship with our Father God (2 Cor.5:21). Only he brings God’s forgiveness to sinners like us (Acts 10:43). Only he can save us from our sins and death and Satan and this evil world.^[4] There are other good human shepherds. But only Jesus shed his blood and died to save us. He held nothing back. He loved us that much. Jesus, our good shepherd who laid down his life for us, is the only one who can heal all the wounds in our souls. He wants us each to receive and experience this greatest love ever known. This is the main way to be a shepherd: through the Holy Spirit, to really experience the love of Jesus, who laid down his life for me. When I realize that Jesus went through that horrible death and humiliation even for me, it breaks down all my pride and self-righteousness, all my anger, selfishness and indifference. If we taste his great love, we cannot but want to follow his example and love sinful people as he does.

Read verses 12–13. “¹² He who is a hired hand and not a shepherd, who does not own the sheep, sees the wolf coming and leaves the sheep and flees, and the wolf snatches them and scatters them. ¹³ He flees because he is a hired hand and cares nothing for the sheep.” Here, the good shepherd and the hired hand both enter by the door. They both know the sheep’s names, lead them out, and take them to pasture. Their main difference is when the wolf shows up. The good shepherd is ready to lay down his life for the sheep. But the hired hand disappears; he doesn’t want to fight or get hurt. Jesus says bluntly that the hired hand runs away because “…he cares nothing for the sheep” (13). Why not? Verse 14 suggests it’s because he thinks the sheep are not “his own,” so he doesn’t take responsibility for them. Paul wrote to the Corinthian believers, “…all are yours, and you are Christ’s, and Christ is God’s” (1 Cor.3:22b–23). When we accept this profound truth about ourselves and everyone else, we stop with all the jealousy, strife, and divisions. It’s why Jesus adds the word “good” to “shepherd.” In the context of John’s Gospel “good” means “true” or “genuine.” The one who works like a hired hand is not a good shepherd. But the one who thinks of everyone as a shepherd would, takes responsibility for them in God, and really cares for them is a good shepherd. Jesus makes this challenging contrast with shepherds with hired hands to help his disciples, and us.

Look at verses 14–15. “¹⁴ I am the good shepherd. I know my own and my own know me, ¹⁵ just as the Father knows me and I know the Father; and I lay down my life for the sheep.” This is another goal of the good shepherd. Jesus really wants his sheep to share the same intimate fellowship with God that he has (cf. 17:23). He’s ready to lay down his life for this purpose. But his shepherding doesn’t stop there. Read verse 16. The good shepherd has such a big heart, he’s thinking about all the lost sheep in the world. He has God’s heart for them all, who are all God’s creation. In his great compassion he says, “I must bring them also.” He doesn’t forget them; he believes his sheep are out there and that they will hear his voice, be saved, and join those who believe in him. Though there are impossible barriers between them, he’s the one who can unite them all into one flock under one shepherd. So at the end of John’s Gospel Jesus tells Simon Peter, as a representative for all believers, “Do you love me? Feed my sheep” (21:17). At the end of today’s passage, we see that the good shepherd has a personal love and obedience relationship with the Father, ready to give his life for the gospel (17–18). Praise Jesus, our Good Shepherd.

Being a good shepherd may seem unattainable, or burdensome. But it’s where Jesus our Lord wants to take each of us. It’s what Jesus our Good Shepherd can do for us: he can change us to be good shepherds like him. As we pray for spiritual leaders for the world and for future generations, practically we need specific direction, to grow as good shepherds like our Lord Jesus. The only way is to get closer to him. As I review 2024, I’m amazed at what God has done. As a pastor God has helped me in so many ways. But as I become more aware of all the people in our community and all our needs, I feel overwhelmed. I try to hide my indifference, and sometimes feel dumped on and angry. In my sin I’m useless and helpless. But God reminds me of Jesus’ words: “Come to me, all who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest. Take my yoke upon you, and learn from me, for I am gentle and lowly in heart, and you will find rest for your souls. For my yoke is easy, and my burden is light” (Matt.11:28–30). This is my key verse for 2025. More than anything else, I need to come to Jesus daily. Only he’s the door to pasture; only he’s my good shepherd. To really come to him, I practically need to take his yoke and learn from him, especially his gentle and lowly heart. I pray to rely on him more closely in 2025 and grow in his gentle and lowly heart as a good shepherd for all those he entrusts to our care.

In summary, a good shepherd knows and leads his sheep (3b,4). A good shepherd enters through Jesus, the door, the only way of salvation (7). A good shepherd goes in and out through Jesus, the door every day, and helps his sheep do that, too (9). A good shepherd helps his sheep “find pasture,” “life abundantly,” in Jesus (10). A good shepherd holds onto the great love of God in Jesus, who laid down his life for us, and helps his sheep really experience his redeeming love (11). A good shepherd doesn’t run away like a hired hand; he truly cares for his sheep and stays and fights for them (12–13). A good shepherd has intimacy with the Father through Jesus, and he shares this intimacy with his sheep (14–15). A good shepherd is always seeking to bring the “other sheep” and unite them all into one flock (16). A good shepherd does it all, like Jesus did, out of loving obedience to the Father (17–18).

Human beings always seem self-sufficient. But all of us really need a good shepherd. It may be the most meaningful work in the whole world, to raise good shepherds in Jesus. In 2025, may God help each of us grow closer to Jesus, our Good Shepherd, so we can bring wounded and lost people all around us to him.

^[1] 1:12–13; 20:31; cf. 1 John 2:12; Rom.1:5b; Phil.1:29.

^[2] Isa.40:11; Jer.23:1–6; Eze.34:23; Micah 5:2–5.

^[3] Psalm 23:1; 80:1; Ecc.12:11; Eze.34:15; cf. Gen.49:24.

^[4] Matt.1:21b; Gal.1:4; Col.1:13; Heb.2:15.

(QUESTIONS)

1 Peter 1:1-9 (Go to the ESV Bible verses)

(Read 1:1-2:3; 2:9-12; 3:15-17; 4:7-10; 5:1-4)

Key verses: 1:3-4, ^“Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ! According to his great mercy, he has caused us to be born again to a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead, ⁴ to an inheritance that is imperishable, undefiled, and unfading, kept in heaven for you,“

1. Who is Peter writing to and what was their situation (1:1,6; 2:11)? From God’s perspective, who were they (1:1-2; 2:9-10)? Why was it important for them to know their true identity?

2. For what does Peter praise God (3-5)? How can we have a living hope? Why is it called “a living hope”? How is it different from hopes in this present life? What is the significance of having a living hope and how can we keep it?

3. How does a living hope inspire believers and affect their lives (cf. 1:6-9; 13-16; 1:22-2:3; 2:11-17; 3:15-17; 4:7-13; 5:1-4)? How do such lives influence those around them and change the world? What kind of hope do you have?

(MESSAGE)

Key Verse 1:3, “Praise be to the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ! In his great mercy he has given us new birth into a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead…”

A most happy and blessed New Year 2025! I have chosen 1 Peter 1:3 as our UBF key verse, with the theme, “A living hope.” Hope is essential in our Christian lives. When we have hope, we are full of strength and joy and can live dynamic lives. But if we lose hope, we despair. Then, even though we may make a big smile, dark thoughts fill our hearts, and we are vulnerable to the devil’s mischief. We need hope. We need hope more than we need oxygen. The young people of our time need hope. Many suffer from anxiety, depression and even suicidal ideation. They are helpless. They need shepherds who can plant hope in their hearts. What hope has the Lord given us? Apostle Peter tells us it is a living hope. As we embrace this living hope, we can be victorious in this new year and plant hope in others.

Apostle Peter wrote this letter around A.D. 63 during the reign of the wicked Roman Emperor Nero. Scattered Christians, in the region we now know as Turkey, were going through fiery persecution. Peter encourages them to overcome their trials, to influence their societies, and advance the reign of Christ. In these opening verses, he reminded them that they were God’s chosen people, and that they have a living hope. Then he taught them how they should live. Let’s listen to his words.

First, we are God’s chosen people (1:1-2; 2:9,11). Peter introduces himself as an apostle of Jesus Christ. This means that his message was not his own human idea; it was from Jesus Christ. He addresses believers as “God’s elect, exiles scattered throughout the provinces of Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia and Bithynia” (1). Peter’s words seem to be paradoxical. His audience is both “God’s elect” and “exiles.” They were chosen by God, but outcasts in the world. They lived in tension. Some had left their nation Israel when persecution scattered the early church. Many had lost their jobs and left their homes. They had become strangers in foreign lands (1:17; 2:11). We can imagine how difficult their lives were: missing their family members, working menial jobs to survive, confronting language and cultural barriers. Moreover, they were discriminated against and alienated.

Apostle Peter understood their situation well, but did not pity them. Rather, he reminded them that they were “God’s elect.” “Elect” means that God had chosen them. Verse 2 begins, “who have been chosen according to the foreknowledge of God the Father.” God chose them before they made a choice to believe in him. God chose them by his unsearchable wisdom. It was God’s eternal choice, made with a clear purpose. It was not something they earned or deserved, but a gift of grace originating in God’s love. God had chosen them. The night before his crucifixion, Jesus told his disciples, “You did not choose me, but I chose you…” (Jn 15:16). The disciples could overcome fiery trials by holding onto Jesus’ calling; they became new history makers. This grace of choosing is given to all who trust in Jesus. Knowing that God chose us gives us confidence in God and his grace rather than ourselves and our merit. How is God’s choosing expressed? Verse 2 says, “through the sanctifying work of the Spirit….” God sends the Holy Spirit to his chosen people. The Holy Spirit sets us apart from the corruption of the world; the Holy Spirit draws us to Christ; the Holy Spirit equips us to carry out his holy mission. As the Holy Spirit works in us, we are sure of God’s choosing.

Why does God choose people? Naturally, we think it is for us “to do” something. But here Peter says it is for us “to be” something. Verse 2 says, “…to be obedient to Jesus Christ and sprinkled with his blood….” Here the word “obedient” means to listen attentively to and follow. As we listen to Jesus’ words and follow him, our lives change. Our sinful desires subside, and holy desires grow in us. Selfish people become sacrificial. Sorrowful people become joyful. Fearful people become courageous. Angry people become peaceful. We grow in love, joy and peace. In a word, we become more like Jesus. This is God’s desire for us. This does not happen by our own effort. We are sinful. But as we repent and confess our sins each day, the Holy Spirit applies Jesus’ blood to us.  He forgives our sins and cleanses us. Our changed lives reveal God’s goodness, power and love and bring glory to him.

After identifying himself and God’s chosen people, Peter begins his message to them, “Grace and peace be yours in abundance.” Even though they faced many hardships and difficulties, they could experience abundant grace and peace in their daily lives–not just drips and drops, but overflowing, abundant grace and peace. It comes from God and is given freely by his love.

In the first two verses, Peter has mentioned God the Father, the Holy Spirit and Jesus – the Holy Trinity. God’s sovereign grace, the Holy Spirit’s active presence, and Jesus’ cleansing blood are all at work in us. The Triune God’s power and love are irresistible; he always finishes what he starts. As we trust in him, we have assurance of our salvation.

However, the world does not honor us as God’s chosen people. Rather, the world regards us as strangers and weird. It is because our lifestyle and value system reveal God’s holy presence, expose people’s unbelief, and warn of the coming judgment. People should repent. Instead, they treat us with contempt, suppressing the truth of God. They may slander us through social media. In addition, sometimes our beloved coworkers may say thoughtless or critical words that stick in our minds. Moreover, we can be overwhelmed by our own sins, faults and weaknesses. Then we can doubt that we are really God’s children. We develop a kind of spiritual amnesia and forget all of God’s grace and work in our lives. We become victims of spiritual identity theft. At such times we must listen to God’s words, “You are a chosen people” (1Pe 2:9) The living God has chosen us to be his children.  The living God, the Creator of heaven and earth, is our Father. His love for us never fails; he hears our prayers; he protects and provides for us; he guides us in the best way. He gave us a great mission to share the gospel with those who are lost. We can offer hope to the nations. We are very precious in the sight of God. Let’s deeply accept that we are God’s chosen people.

Second, our living hope: an eternal inheritance (1:3-5). After reminding believers they are God’s chosen people, Peter proclaimed what our hope is. Hope is vital. Without hope, we despair. Despair poisons our minds and hearts, just as surely as a snake’s venom poisons our blood. It is the disease that leads to death. What is worse, the devil torments despairing people, accusing and condemning them. This is what drives so many young people to feelings of worthlessness. This is why they waste their time in trivial pursuits, and don’t value their own lives. People desperately need some kind of hope. Hope makes us feel alive and empowers us to do great things. The now retired boxer George Foreman once faced a dark night of the soul. After losing a fight and going through painful trials, he was in “a hellish, frightening place of nothingness and despair.” He asked God for help and felt called to repent. He cried out, “I still believe in God.” Hope arose in his heart. He began a new life as a Christian preacher. Later he returned to boxing and regained the heavyweight championship at the age of 45. Hope made his life totally different. We must have hope. However, our true hope is not in this world. The things of this world all perish, spoil and fade away. When they do, our hope in them turns to disappointment. Our ultimate hope must be eternal. While young, we may feel that we will live forever. As we age, we become more aware of our limits. The truth is that inevitably, everyone dies. After death comes God’s judgment (Heb 9:27). Everything will be left behind: our achievements, possessions, even our families. What can be our hope?

Let’s read verse 3: “Praise be to the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ! In his great mercy he has given us new birth into a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead….” God is so merciful to us. He has given us a living hope. We were helpless under the power of sin and death. We could do nothing to save ourselves. Money, education, science, technology, good deeds–none of these could save us. But in his great mercy, God sent Jesus into the world to die for our sins. Then God raised him from the dead. The Risen Christ ascended into heaven and sits at the right hand of God the Father Almighty. He gives eternal life to anyone who believes in him. This eternal life begins the moment we trust in Jesus. Though our bodies will die, our souls live forever. For us, death is now the entry into a glorious new life in the presence of Christ. St. Paul says this is “better by far” than our present life (Php 1:23). At death, “The souls of the righteous are made perfect in holiness and go to be with the Lord in the highest heavens. They are conscious, active, and happy, and behold the face of God” (Westminster Catechism). D.L. Moody’s last words were: “I see earth receding; Heaven is opening; God is calling me.” He passed into everlasting glory. This is what happens at death to all who believe in Jesus. We enter eternal glory in the presence of our Heavenly Father who loves us.

 To be with the Lord in eternity seems to be reward enough. But the blessings that God has promised to his children are greater still. Look at verse 4. “…and into an inheritance that can never perish, spoil or fade. This inheritance is kept in heaven for you….”  The children of God receive an inheritance. It is his everlasting kingdom (Ro 8:17). Peter contrasts this inheritance with worldly ones. Parents often leave an inheritance for their children. But these inheritances do not last forever. Cornelius Vanderbilt (1794-1877) accumulated a $100 million dollar fortune through the railroad business. In today’s equivalent this would be $2.4 billion. Just six generations later, his descendant Anderson Cooper said, “The entire fortune has dwindled to almost nothing.” In contrast, the inheritance God gives his children can never perish, spoil or fade. It cannot be stolen, ruined or lost.

What is this inheritance? Jesus told his disciples, “My Father’s house has many rooms…I am going there to prepare a place for you…I will come back and take you to be with me so that you also may be where I am” (Jn 14:2-3). Jesus is preparing a place for his people in his Father’s house. It is kept in heaven for us until Jesus returns. Revelation 21:1-4 says, “Then I saw ‘a new heaven and a new earth,’ for the first heaven and the first earth had passed away, and there was no longer any sea. I saw the Holy City, the new Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God, prepared as a bride beautifully dressed for her husband. And I heard a loud voice from the throne saying, ‘Look! God’s dwelling place is now among the people, and he will dwell with them. They will be his people, and God himself will be with them and be their God. “He will wipe every tear from their eyes. There will be no more death” or mourning or crying or pain, for the old order of things has passed away.’” We will inherit the New Jerusalem, the most glorious, everlasting city of God. It is a huge and holy city built of the most dazzling materials. It will be the central city of the new earth, which is free from the power of sin and death. No bad things are there. It is totally safe and secure. It will be a place of spectacular beauty. To dwell in this eternal home, Jesus will give us resurrection bodies. These bodies are imperishable, glorious, powerful and spiritual (1Co 15:42-44). We have such a rich inheritance from our Father God. As we await this inheritance, God protects our lives by his power as we trust in him. God’s power and promise guarantee our inheritance. We surely receive it when Jesus comes again (5).

This living hope and eternal inheritance is like an anchor for our souls (Heb 6:19). We are vulnerable to the devil’s temptations, health problems, financial issues, trials with our children, or tragedies, like the sudden death of a loved one. But with the living hope as our anchor, we can pass through the stormy winds; instead of becoming weaker, we become stronger and stronger. This living hope grows until it is fully realized in heaven. It makes us more and more hopeful as time goes by, no matter what happens around us. Apostle Paul said, “Therefore we do not lose heart. Though outwardly we are wasting away, yet inwardly we are being renewed day by day” (2 Cor 4:16).

I know a person in Asia named Angela. She had a painful childhood in a dysfunctional family. She felt inferior and useless. During her college days, she wanted to know the meaning of her life. She came to Bible study. The words of Genesis 12:2 spoke to her: “I will bless you…and you will be a blessing.” She discovered God’s love and great mission. This gave her a sense of dignity as a child of God. She had confidence in God to go to another country as a missionary. As she shared the gospel, students began to respond. So, she devoted herself to raising Jesus’ disciples. Suddenly, she developed a brain disease. She needed multiple brain surgeries. The third time, she felt that she was dying. There seemed to be no hope. But she came to Jesus and found a living hope. She recovered from the brain disease and resumed her student ministry. Then God poured out his blessing on her abundantly. He raised professor shepherds, house churches, and missionaries through her who have spread all over Asia and to the world. When we have a living hope in Christ our lives become dynamic, and we can be a blessing to the world. God has given us a living hope! Praise be to God!

As we begin this new year, I want to hold this living hope in my heart. Recently, my elderly parents informed me that they would entrust their end-of-life care to my younger sister, not to me. They said, “Because you are not here.” I have lived apart from them for more than four decades, though I am their only son. Honestly, I felt a sense of loss. But as I prayed, I remembered that they accepted the gospel I preached. The Lord gave me assurance that they would be in his kingdom forever. This living hope brightened my soul and gave me new strength and power. I believe that every problem in my heart can be solved by having living hope. I pray to hold this living hope in my heart in 2025 and to plant hope in the hearts of God’s people.

Third, our lifestyle – how we should live (1:5-9; 13-16; 22-2:3; 2:11-17; 3:15-17; 4:7-13; 5:1-4). So far Peter has shared a heavenly perspective of our Christian lives. We are God’s elect! We have a living hope in Jesus! This empowers us to live a joyful Christian life. In the rest of his letter, Peter exhorts believers how we should live. Let’s consider some key teachings.

I) Rejoice in our sufferings (1:6-9). In the past, we tried to avoid suffering, regarding it as harmful and miserable. But with living hope in Jesus, we see that God uses suffering for our good. Through suffering, our false hopes are removed, and our faith is purified. Through suffering, we grow in perseverance and character (Ro 5:3-4). Through suffering, Christ’s glory is revealed in us (4:13). In Christ, suffering is for our good. Let’s arm ourselves with the right attitude toward suffering in the new year.

II) Be holy (1:15-16). 1:15-16 say: “But just as he who called you is holy, so be holy in all you do; for it is written: ‘Be holy, because I am holy.’” The Lord wants us to be holy from the inside out, with a genuine quality of life that reflects his own holiness. This is what we desire most. Yet as we hear the words “be holy” we may cringe, knowing that we are sinners. But we can truly be holy by Jesus’ shed blood and the power of the Holy Spirit. Let’s accept God’s call to holiness and commit to growing in holiness.

III) Love one another deeply (1:22). Peter tells us to “love one another deeply from the heart.” As we grow in holiness, we can love one another with pure hearts. We can build up a community of love, respect, and trust. In such a community we can grow spiritually. The world sees that we are Jesus’ disciples. Let’s love one another deeply from the heart.

IV) Crave pure spiritual milk (1:23-2:3). To practice holy love, we need to grow spiritually. How? Peter encourages us: “…like newborn babies, crave pure spiritual milk, so that by it you may grow up in your salvation, now that you have tasted that the Lord is good.” Newborn babies crave milk desperately. Likewise, let’s crave God’s word so that we may grow spiritually.

V) Share the reason for our hope (3:15). 3:15 says, “But in your hearts revere Christ as Lord. Always be prepared to give an answer to everyone who asks you to give the reason for the hope that you have. But do this with gentleness and respect.” As we live with hope, despairing people are surprised. How can you have hope? It is the golden opportunity to share Christ. We must give them a good answer that helps them come to Christ. To do so, we need to prepare gospel messages that are relevant and meaningful to the people around us. Let’s always be ready to share Christ!

Finally, be shepherds of God’s flock (5:1-4). The Apostle Peter exhorted leaders: “be shepherds of God’s flock.” It is a charge to live sacrificially to take care of God’s sheep. Many young people in the USA and around the world are desperate. They need hope. When we have the living hope in our hearts, we can plant hope in them no matter what their circumstances or condition. Hope can transform them into mighty people of God who influence the world with the gospel. Let’s be good shepherds who plant hope in people by teaching the Bible and sharing our testimonies.

Peter wrote this letter to the early Christians with a great vision that they were a royal priesthood. Though they lived on the bottom of society, despised and persecuted, they had a clear identity as God’s chosen people and lived holy lives. They overcame all hardships and testified to Christ. What happened? History attests that the Roman Empire became Christendom. They were indeed world changers! Let’s accept the living hope of Jesus in our hearts, live by his words, and be world changers in our times.

Prayer topics:

1. May 2025 be the year of living hope in Jesus.

2. With this hope, let’s rejoice in our sufferings, be holy, love one another deeply, crave God’s word, share the reason for our hope in Christ, and be shepherds of God’s flock.

3. Hope in Christ may be planted in many young people in North America, and they may live as Jesus’ disciples.

(QUESTIONS)

Luke 2:8-20 (Go to the ESV Bible verses)

Key Verse: 2:11, For unto you is born this day in the city of David a Savior, who is Christ the Lord.

1.  Where does this take place, who is there, and what are they doing (8)? What is their culture’s view of shepherds? What happens, how do they respond, and why (9)? How does the angel reassure them (10)? Why are the words “for all the people” emphasized?

2.  What is the “good news of great joy” (11)? What does it mean that Jesus is born in “the city of David” (Matt.2:4–6)? That he is “Savior” (Matt.1:21)? That he is “Christ the Lord” (Rev.19:16)? That he is “born unto you”?

3. What else does the angel tell the shepherds (12), and what would be so unusual about this? What happens next, and why (13–14)? Why does Jesus’ birth bring such glory to God? Why is this peace only among those who please God?

4. How do the shepherds respond, and what do they do (15–16)? What do they do next (17)? How does this deepen their faith, and what can we learn here?

5. How do people respond (18)? How does Mary respond, and why (19)? In the end, how are the shepherds described, and how can we experience this (20)?

(MESSAGE)

Key Verse: 2:11, “For unto you is born this day in the city of David a Savior, who is Christ the Lord.”

This month we’ve been thinking about the hope, peace and love of Christmas. Today it’s joy. What’s the joy of Christmas? It’s a time unlike any other, with Christmas trees, lights, music, gifts, cookies and funny Christmas movies. We long to spend time with loved ones. But where does the real joy of Christmas come from? It’s from the meaning of Jesus’ birth. The angel says his birth can bring great joy to all the people. This great joy can become real for anyone who hasn’t experienced it yet. It also can come to those who once had it but somehow lost it. What is this great joy? Where does it come from? Why do we need it? And how can we have it? May God speak to us through his word.

In verses 1–7 the facts of the birth of Jesus are stated quietly. Now we see what his birth means and how people respond. Look at verse 8. Some key details are here. First is the place: it says “in the same region” and “out in the field.” It’s the region of Bethlehem (verse 3), and the field is where sheep are kept. This place, way out here, seems unlikely to be glorious. Next is the people: they’re “shepherds”––in modern terms, lowly workers, overlooked by society.^[1] Third is what’s happening. The shepherds are “keeping watch,” doing their best to protect their sheep when no one else is noticing. Finally is the time. It’s “by night.” “Night” also points to the spiritual reality of “this present darkness” (Eph.6:12), where ignorance, danger, and evil are hidden.

The main word here is “shepherds.” Jesus’ birth is first announced to shepherds? Some may find it hard to relate to those who care for animals. But so many of us here are actually shepherds. Parents, relatives, and those who serve our little ones, feeding, teaching, and protecting them, are shepherds. Student leaders are young shepherds. Coaches and teachers are shepherds. Researchers can be shepherds. Those doing menial night work, who work at UPS or Starbucks, in big box stores, as rideshare drivers, in manufacturing, or in law offices, IT and banking, as programmers or administrators, in business, health care, home and mental health, in elder care––we all can be shepherds. On top of all else they’re doing, those who genuinely make friends with people, teach them Bible and pray for them, are shepherds. As Christians, we’re all called to be salt and light in the world (Matt.5:13), shepherds wherever we go. As we work “out in the fields,” we experience the world’s dangers, cold realities, and all its brokenness, in the same darkness as everyone else. But God is ready to reveal the meaning of Jesus’ birth to people living as faithful shepherds.

Look at verse 9. This angel is just a messenger of God; the focus is on the light of the glory of God shining into the darkness. Jesus’ coming is about to give light to those who sit in darkness and in the shadow of death (1:79). At first these men are “filled with great fear.” But the angel comforts them. Read verse 10.^[2] The Romans used these words for their emperor. They would say his birthday was “good news of great joy for all the people,” that his day of reaching manhood was “good news of great joy for all the people,” that his day of taking the throne was “good news of great joy for all the people,” and that the day of his having a son was “good news of great joy for all the people.” It was just deceptive propaganda. Roman emperors were cruel, abusive and caused much suffering.

Yet how can the birth of a baby in a manger 2,000 years ago bring us “great joy” today? It sounds like nonsense. In many ways this world is a mess. Outwardly things may not seem so bad, but so many people are suffering. Suffering is sobering. It makes us question mere emotionalism. But this great joy is not just an escape; there’s real substance to this great joy. What is it? Look at verse 11. First, in the word order, what’s emphasized is the words unto you. It’s not just for these shepherds; Jesus was born for each of us. Isaiah wrote: “For to us a child is born, to us a son is given…” (Isa.9:6a). We may think we don’t matter. But Jesus was born and given “unto you”––meaning to each one of us. The angel adds “this day.” Literally, it’s the day Jesus is born. But “this day” can also mean “the year of the Lord’s favor” or “the day of salvation,” meaning now.^[3] Instead of obsessing about the past or the future, “this day,” right now, this Christmas, we can open our hearts and receive the One born “unto you.”

The angel adds “in the city of David.” It means God was keeping his promises to send a shepherd like David.^[4] Why is this such a big deal? In every time and place––in nations, companies, schools or families––without a compassionate shepherd, ruled by negligent, abusive leaders, people are harassed and helpless.^[5] In his time, David was famous as a man after God’s own heart (1 Sam.13:14). His people had suffered under the Philistines, but David fought hard and drove them out. Once as he was running for his life due to Saul’s jealousy, while hiding in a cave, 400 men who were in distress, in debt, and bitter in soul gathered to him (1 Sam.22:2). At that moment David didn’t just talk well; he was a real shepherd. He gathered, guarded, nourished, united, and guided his people. Yet David was a flawed man. The good news is, Jesus, the sinless Son of God, was born “in the town of David” to be our true Good Shepherd. It’s not just an old story; he’s the Living One (Rev.1:17–18) who feeds our souls each day and unites us in his love. We may think we’re self-sufficient and don’t need anyone. But we’re way more vulnerable than we realize. If we turn to him, we find that Jesus is “the Shepherd and Overseer” of our souls (1 Pet.2:25).

Read verse 11. This is the good news, the source of the shepherds’ joy. At that time people called Roman Emperors “Savior,” “King,” and “Lord.” But none of them could save anybody; none were worthy to be king or lord. Only Jesus is our real “Savior.”^[6] We may think we need saving from poverty, bad health, or broken relationships. But what we really need saving from is our sins. It’s our sins that cut off our relationship with God and others, and that ruin his image within us. Because Jesus was the only one born without sin, he’s the only one who could die in our places and bring us God’s forgiveness. Only Jesus who died for our sins can heal and save and restore us. Only Jesus is our Christ, our real King. Only the Lamb who was slain is worthy of all our loyalty, devotion, and honor (Rev.5:12). Only Jesus is our Lord. Only he rose from the dead and ascended into heaven, proving he is Lord of all (Acts 10:36). “Christ the Lord” also means he’s coming again as Judge of the living and the dead.^[7] For now, evil people and nations abuse power and get away with gross injustice. Today people are really suffering in the DR Congo, in Somalia, in Ethiopia, in Niger, in Gaza, in Syria, in Ukraine and in Burma. But when Jesus comes as Christ the Lord, he’ll bring his kingdom of grace and righteousness, and all his people will shout for joy. Even now, our brothers and sisters in Ukraine, though they’re being bombed, are full of such joy because they believe Jesus is Christ the Lord.

But the angel tells the shepherds, “…you will find a baby…lying in a manger” (12). The Savior, Christ the Lord…lying in a manger, an animal’s feedbox? How can that be good news of great joy? It seems so sad. But in this baby is all the mystery of God. It’s called “the Incarnation.” Apostle Paul wrote: “For you know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, that though he was rich, yet for your sake he became poor, so that you by his poverty might become rich” (2 Cor.8:9). His humble incarnation to be with us was God’s plan to share his grace with “all the people,” Jew and Gentile, rich and poor, educated and uneducated, from any place, any race. He’s for anyone, no matter how great we think we are, how flawed, or how much wrong we’ve done. The grace of his incarnation is so great, it still can change the most self-righteous, and the most sinful. We can experience this good news of great joy if we would just repent of our sins and put our trust in Jesus. When we do, he fills us with righteousness, peace and joy in the Holy Spirit (Rom.14:17). We can always tell the Spirit’s fruit: it’s love, joy, and peace (Gal.5:22a). So whoever repents, puts their trust in Jesus, and receives the Spirit tastes this great joy. It’s that simple. No human effort, traditions, spending, eating, gatherings, entertainment or vacation can give us such joy.

We may have experienced this joy in the past, but we all need to be renewed in this joy. It’s because the world is always working to rob us of our joy. Our Lord Jesus warned that at a time of testing, we can lose our joy and fall away, or, life’s cares, riches and pleasures can choke out our joy (Luke 8:13–14). After he sinned and came back to God in repentance, David wrote, “Restore to me the joy of your salvation…” (Psalm 51:12a) What’s the source of our greatest joy? It’s not presents, not people, not achievements or money. Apostle Peter wrote: “Though you have not seen him, you love him. Though you do not see him now, you believe in him and rejoice with joy that is inexpressible and filled with glory, obtaining the outcome of your faith, the salvation of your souls” (1 Pet.1:8–9). What a statement: “Joy that is inexpressible and filled with glory.” We don’t see him, but our greatest joy is loving Jesus, assured that one day he will save our souls for all eternity to be with him and share his victory.

Apostle Paul was put in prison on account of his faith in Jesus. But even from there, he wrote a letter to the Philippians with this theme of joy. He said he was always praying for them with joy (1:4). He was rejoicing because he had the greatest privilege of all, to live for Christ (1:21). Even while pouring out his life, he was rejoicing (2:17). His words urge us, even in the midst of problems, conflict and trouble, to rejoice in the Lord always (4:4). In light of his words, great joy isn’t found in good circumstances; it comes from having a personal relationship with Jesus. Anyone can experience this “great joy.” The prophet Isaiah wrote: “And the ransomed of the LORD shall return and come to Zion with singing; everlasting joy shall be upon their heads; they shall obtain gladness and joy, and sorrow and sighing shall flee away” (35:10; 51:11). When we personally encounter Jesus as our Risen Lord, he promises that we will rejoice, and no one will take our joy from us (John 16:22b). As a little boy I cried a lot because my mom grew sicker and sicker. Over the years it made me so bitter and rebellious that at age 18 my face was angry and dark. But through UBF Bible study God opened my heart to accept the good news that Jesus was born for me. As I tasted his grace, he changed my sorrow and darkness to joy and light. Sometimes I get burdened with responsibilities. But through this study I realized I just need to repent, get closer to Jesus, and let the Spirit renew in me his great joy. Let’s pray for the sorrowful, forgotten people in the world to know this joy.

Read verses 13–14. This good news of great joy for all the people leads to glorious praises to God. Likewise, as we actively praise and give glory to God, our joy becomes more real. And as we see people experience his peace in Jesus, our joy increases. The shepherds respond by going to Bethlehem to confirm what they heard. When they find the baby in the manger, they realize it’s all true. They immediately start telling people. The shepherds’ joy becomes contagious, and sharing it causes their joy to overflow (20). This Christmas, if we try to enjoy everything selfishly, we won’t be joyful. But if we share with others what Jesus’ birth means, we’ll experience the shepherds’ joy.

Some believe in Christmas magic. But there’s no magic. If we’ve never experienced this joy, or really need to get it back, we just need to ask God in his mercy to help us turn to Jesus in genuine repentance and faith. This Christmas we may not experience very many human joys. But let’s pray that God may help us experience the best joy, spiritual joy: the good news of great joy for all the people in our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ.

^[1] One of Luke’s favorite themes is how God exalts the humble: 1:48,52; cf. 14:11; 18:14.

^[2] Cf. Isa.40:9; 41:27; 52:7; 61:1.

^[3] Cf. Luke 4:19; 2 Cor.6:2.

^[4] 1:32,69; 2:4; cf. 2 Sam.7:12–13; Eze.34:23; 37:24.

^[5] Prov.29:2; Matt.9:36.

^[6] Acts 4:12; 5:31; 13:23.

^[7] Acts 10:42; 2 Tim.4:1; 1 Pet.4:5.

(QUESTIONS)

Luke 2:1-7 (Go to the ESV Bible verses)

Key Verse: 2:7, “And she gave birth to her firstborn son and wrapped him in swaddling cloths and laid him in a manger, because there was no place for them in the inn.”

1.  Review briefly what had been predicted about Mary’s son (1:31–35,69,78).

2.  Who is Caesar Augustus, what does he decree, and why (2:1)? What effect does this have (3), and why might this be hard for people (3)? What does this tell us about the world into which Jesus was born?

3.   How are Joseph and Mary described (4–5)? What does it mean that they are “betrothed” and that Mary is “with child”? What is the significance that Joseph is “of the house and lineage of David”? Why does he take Mary with him to Bethlehem?

4.  How far is it from Nazareth to Bethlehem? What must this journey have been like for them? What happens when they arrive (6)? How is God’s hand in this?

5.  What details about Jesus’ birth are mentioned (7)? What is a “manger”? Why was there “no place for them” in the inn? What does this suggest about the world we live in?

6.  How is this baby a contrast to Caesar? Why would God send his Son into such circumstances (Isa.53:2–4; 2 Cor.8:9; Heb.2:17)? What does it show about the nature of God’s love (Phil.2:6–7; 1 John 4:9–10; John 3:16)? Why do we need to experience his love, and how can we?

(MESSAGE)

Key Verse: 7, “And she gave birth to her firstborn son and wrapped him in swaddling cloths and laid him in a manger, because there was no place for them in the inn.”

What is love? I’m sure you all have your own conceptions and ideas of what love is and should look like, but where do those come from? I’ve personally watched my fair share of Korean dramas growing up to have developed an idea that human love is fated, can lead to heartbreak, and is a tad bit toxic. But that can be exhausting, frustrating, and lead us to feel that it is not worth pursuing. Maybe your perception of love has changed over time and with your life experiences. Another question that comes to mind is, do you feel loved? Generally, we may have a small circle of people who we can say that we genuinely love and feel loved by, which might include our parents, children, siblings, close friends, and a significant other. But if I were to ask you, “How do you know that you are loved?” What would you say? What are the ways that you want to be loved and are those needs being met?

Unfortunately, not feeling loved is often accompanied with feelings of loneliness, dissatisfaction, and shame. Today that is an epidemic as recent surveys have shown that 1 in 3 adults in the US feel lonely (US News), and 31% of Americans say that they feel lonely often or almost always (Statisa). This holiday season is a time of joy and celebration, but for some of us it may be a reminder of our loneliness if we are not able to experience the holiday spirit. I hope that as we have been listening to the advent messages by Becky and Michael over the last two weeks that our hearts have been preparing to receive baby Jesus who brings us hope, peace, love, and joy!

Today as we reflect on the birth of Jesus, we enter a story that reveals the depth of God’s extraordinary love. In a humble manger in Bethlehem, the Savior of the world was born—not in power or splendor, but in simplicity and vulnerability. This setting was no accident; it was a profound statement of love. God chose to meet us in our need, identifying with the lowly and forgotten, demonstrating that His love reaches into every corner of our lives. This sermon will have three parts to it; first we will look at Caesar’s rule, then we will look at Joseph’s love for Mary and his decision of faith, and lastly, we will look at the birth of Jesus, the humble king. Today, let us explore how this humble beginning reflects the limitless, compassionate love of God—a love that chose to dwell among us, offering hope and light to all.

I. Caesar’s Rule

As a history teacher, I’d like to set the stage and give some context to the passage. Understanding the context of the historical situation, we can get a glimpse into the world that our Lord Jesus was being born into. The passage opens with a decree from Caesar Augustus, the first Roman Emperor, that all people in the Roman empire register themselves (v. 1-2). Most historians regard Caesar Augustus as one of the greatest and most pivotal leaders in world history. He is widely praised for transforming Rome from a fractured republic into a stable and prosperous empire. His reign marked the beginning of the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of peace and economic growth that laid the foundation for Rome’s enduring influence. This census was likely an empire-wide effort to register inhabitants for tax purposes, and served as a demonstration of Rome’s power and control over Judea. For the Jewish people, the imposition by Caesar Augustus most likely intensified their anticipation of a Messiah who would deliver them from the oppression of the Romans.

We see here that despite Caesar’s political prowess and strength, people in his empire did not feel loved and many were oppressed. I think it’s safe to say that most people are in awe in the presence of political leaders or celebrities. There is a certain way they carry themselves that demands respect and displays their power and charisma, or, as the youth of this generation like to call it, “aura.” Some people that come to mind from my generation might include Tom Brady, Lebron James, Taylor Swift, Elon Musk, to mention a few. Many people are superfans or even in love with celebrities, leaders, or athletes, but do they love them back? I remember when the Blackhawks and Cubs won the Stanley Cup and World Series; it was a time of joy and celebration, but after a few days, those feelings dissipated and nothing in my life changed.

Even when we think about elections— which I know nowadays is a very divisive issue—no matter who we’ve elected, they have not solved our problems and their decisions or lack thereof indicate that they do not love us, and if anything encourage us to hate each other. When the people we elect who are supposed to lead, care, and provide for us don’t love us, what are we to do? As we heard from Becky and Michael’s messages, this world is so harsh and life is so difficult that it is no surprise that many of us may feel restless and hopeless. However, we can have hope and peace knowing that our God loves us and sent His one and only son for us to give us life and freedom. The world tells us that power cannot be accompanied by love. But that is why the gospel message is so radical and so transformative. Because, “God so loved the world, that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life” (John 3:16). The Creator of this Universe left his throne in heaven to come be with us, so that we can know just how much he loves us. May we earnestly pray to prepare our hearts to receive our Lord Jesus Christ this Christmas season.

II. Joseph’s love for Mary

Verses 3–4 say, “’And all went to be registered, each to his own town. And Joseph also went up from Galilee, from the town of Nazareth, to Judea, to the city of David, which is called Bethlehem, because he was of the house and lineage of David.” The journey from Nazareth in Galilee to Bethlehem in Judea covered approximately 90 miles, a challenging trek through rough and sometimes dangerous terrain. According to my research—a simple Google search— the journey would have taken 4 days, assuming they were walking 8 hours a day, but most likely it took a lot longer. I have never been pregnant, and never will be so I don’t know the difficulties of having to carry another human in my belly. But for most pregnant women, they can expect to gain 30-40 lbs. Though most modern portrayals of this journey include a donkey, there is no mention of one in Scripture, and so we can assume that she may have been walking with Joseph on foot.

For Mary, who was likely in the late stages of pregnancy, this journey would have been brutal. If this journey was so dangerous, the question arises, why was Mary tagging along? The answer is, Joseph loved Mary. Joseph’s love for Mary is one of the most profound examples of selfless and sacrificial love in the Bible. When Joseph discovered that Mary was pregnant, he initially planned to divorce her quietly to avoid public disgrace (Matthew 1:19). However, when the angel revealed to him that Mary’s child was conceived by the Holy Spirit and that he was to name the child Jesus, Joseph demonstrated incredible faith and obedience. He chose to stay by Mary’s side, protecting her from judgment and committing himself to her and the child she carried. This decision was not easy; it required humility, courage, and a deep love that prioritized her well-being over his reputation or personal plans.

Joseph’s love for Mary was a beautiful reflection of God’s love for her. Just as God chose Mary for the sacred role of bearing His Son, He also provided her with a partner who would support her through this extraordinary calling. Joseph’s actions reveal the ways in which God cares for His people, not just in miraculous ways but through the steadfast love and faithfulness of others. By staying with Mary, Joseph became a vessel of God’s provision and protection, embodying the divine love that surrounded her. His unwavering commitment reassured her that she was not alone in her journey, reminding us of how God places people in our lives to manifest His care and love in tangible ways.

III. A Humble King

Verses 6–7 says, “’And while they were there, the time came for her to give birth. And she gave birth to her firstborn son and wrapped him in swaddling cloths and laid him in a manger, because there was no place for them in the inn. “ Upon their arrival, they found no available lodging, likely due to the influx of travelers for the census. As a result, they took shelter in a space typically reserved for animals, likely in a stable or a cave. In this sad and pathetic environment, Mary gave birth to Jesus, wrapping Him in swaddling cloths. She then laid Him in a manger—an animal feeding box—further exemplifying the humble and poor nature of the occasion.

How humiliating and pathetic this scene must’ve been. Since everyone was in town to register, we can also assume that many of Mary and Joseph’s relatives were there, and even so, no room was made for a pregnant woman going into labor. I can only imagine how Mary must’ve felt. In such a dirty and uninhabitable place for her firstborn child, she must’ve been confused, ashamed, and sobbing. Where was God’s love and glory in this situation? Did it have to be this harsh? The Prophet Isaiah said this about the promised Messiah in 700 BC, “For he grew up before him like a young plant, and like a root out of dry ground; he had no form or majesty that we should look at him, and no beauty that we should desire him. He was despised and rejected by men, a man of sorrows and acquainted with grief; and as one from whom men hide their faces he was despised, and we esteemed him not. Surely he has borne our griefs and carried our sorrows; yet we esteemed him stricken, smitten by God, and afflicted” (Is 53:2–4).

Think back to the questions I asked you at the beginning of this sermon. What is love? Do you feel loved? Oftentimes, the people who claim to love us end up being the ones that hurt us the most because we end up holding them to a much higher standard than anyone else. Even when they try their best, it may not be enough and because we are all human, pride or selfishness may leave us feeling unsatisfied or even worse, wounded and traumatized. In this passage there is a stark contrast between Jesus and Caesar. Both kings in their own regard, one claimed to love his people but was a shrewd and ruthless leader who dominated them instead. The other was born in the most humble of conditions and lived among the working class, and often in the margins with outcasts. Despite his kingship, Jesus chose to be born in a humble setting. Why did God come to us in this way?

Though he is Almighty God, he did not rule over us or love us from a distance. No, God came to be with us and in such a lowly manner, so that we can know that he understands our trauma. He knows that his world is heartless, and he knows what it feels like to be hurt and feel hopeless. Jesus came to be our healer, and he alone knows best how to restore us and love us. Born in a manger, died on a cross. This is the perfect representation of the love of God. 2 Corinthians 8:9 says, “For you know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, that though he was rich, yet for your sake he became poor, so that you by his poverty might become rich.” It makes no sense why a king, let alone God, would give up everything, and give up everything for the “losers” of this world. And though there is no rhyme or reason, we can have complete assurance and feel God’s deep love for us because of his sacrifice and by coming to be with us.

IV. Personal Application

Growing up there have been plenty of moments where I have felt lonely, afraid, and hopeless. As a child I had recurring pneumonia which left me in the hospital on multiple occasions, and I remember waking up in the middle of the night sometimes with no one around me. When my family moved to Evanston, I was harassed and bullied at school, which led me to develop an inferiority complex. I had no success in dating and almost every single girl that I liked growing up either rejected me or never paid me any attention.

As a result, I’ve tried to find happiness and hope in so many things. I’ve always loved sports, but beginning in college I started to get into working out and eating healthy. I thought if I developed a nice enough body, no girl would ever be able to turn me down and I would gain the respect and admiration from the bros. However, as the muscles got bigger and waist got smaller, there were still no girls so I felt defeated and stopped caring about what I ate as evident in my weight right now… In college I also started partying heavily thinking that would make me popular and make a lot of friends, but I always left each party feeling terrible physically and empty as the interactions I had with other people were so shallow.

Once I graduated college and eventually secured a full-time teaching job, I was met with several inquiries from my parents if I was open to being introduced to a Christian girl. Though I kept pushing back, saying that I was too young to consider marriage or too immature, an additional truth was that I just wasn’t interested in any of the girls that were being brought up. The constant “You need a ‘suitable helper’ or wife” from members in the church also started to play on my existing desire to be in a relationship. So I decided to take things into my own hands and ended up falling for a girl. I had been praying so earnestly that God show me a clear sign that she was “the one” that I completely blinded myself to actually seeing the clear signs that she wasn’t interested. I had put so much hope into this person, that when it didn’t end up working out, I was absolutely crushed and shattered. I felt so wronged and played (keep in mind that this was self-inflicted), but more than that I felt so lonely and unlovable. My insecurities from my childhood started to resurface and I couldn’t help but start to develop anger and borderline hatred in my heart.

In the meantime, I had to prepare myself for the Vision Camp and high school program at the ISBC that I would be helping to lead. While studying John 19, the crucifixion passage, I started to question why Jesus would allow himself to go through all of that suffering? Where is the glory in that? While studying with Tony over Zoom, I was deeply moved by the key verse, Isaiah 50:7: “But the Lord God helps me; therefore I have not been disgraced; therefore I have set my face like a flint, and I know that I shall not be put to shame.” When I thought about Jesus, who had come to give rest to the weary and to heal those who needed healing, I was heartbroken thinking about the hurt he must have experienced when he was betrayed by the people he loved and came to serve. He deserved to be honored, praised, and worshiped, but instead he experienced shame, persecution, and then ultimately was put to death in the most humiliating and excruciating way possible. I was moved to tears and for the first time I could really feel the love of Christ and I knew that he understood the pain I was experiencing. God opened my eyes that night to see that Jesus truly loves me so much. He assured me that I don’t have to find validation or worth from other people’s love or approval, but instead that I can find satisfaction, joy, and peace in knowing that He loves me.

Take a moment to reflect: Have you ever felt lonely or unseen? What does it mean to you that Jesus, who was born in such a humble way, came to show God’s love to you? Jesus’ birth in humble circumstances shows that He came for everyone, especially those who feel isolated or overlooked. Born in a manger, far from comfort and familiarity, His entry into the world reminds us that God identifies with those who experience loneliness and hardship. Similarly, we may think about who are the oppressed and marginalized today. We are currently witnessing a war in Ukraine, genocide in Gaza, drug cartels running rampant, and so much political turmoil in our own country. Jesus also calls us to consider how we can extend His love to others. Who in your life might be feeling lonely? How can you, inspired by His example, create a sense of belonging for them? Jesus’ life assures us that no one is beyond God’s care, and He invites us to be part of His work in bringing comfort and connection to those in need. In what ways might you embrace that calling this Christmas season? 1 John 4:7 says, “Beloved, let us love one another, for love is from God, and whoever loves has been born of God and knows God.”

Unlike most nobility and high class people, God did not come for the qualified and righteous. He came for all sinners, and especially for the ones that society has deemed to be lost and hopeless. 1 John 4:9–10 says, “In this the love of God was made manifest among us, that God sent his only Son into the world, so that we might live through him. In this is love, not that we have loved God but that he loved us and sent his Son to be the propitiation for our sins.” There is no other love that can truly satisfy or heal our souls from the wounds caused by this world. Because Jesus came down to be with us, we can know that he truly understands our pain and experiences. And because he lived a holy and righteous life, he showed us and continues to encourage us to follow his example and leading.

It’s not easy to believe this message. It’s so contradictory to what we have experienced in this world. But I pray that we may all be filled with the Holy Spirit to really be convinced that God truly loves us. As we reflect on the humble birth of Jesus, we are reminded of the depth of God’s love for us—a love that chose to enter the world not in power or grandeur but in simplicity and vulnerability. This humble beginning teaches us that God’s love reaches into the most unexpected places and touches the lives of the forgotten and lonely. It challenges us to embrace that same love in our own lives, to extend compassion to others, and to recognize that true greatness is found in serving and loving as Christ did. May we leave here today with hearts open to God’s transforming love, and ready to share it with the world around us.

(QUESTIONS)

Luke 1:76-79 (Go to the ESV Bible verses)

Key Verse: 1:79, “to give light to those who sit in darkness and in the shadow of death, to guide our feet into the way of peace.”

1.  Briefly review who Zechariah is, what has happened in his life, and what God is doing in these things (1:5–7,13,16–17,20,24–25,57–66). In the first part of his song (67–75), briefly review who “the horn of salvation” is and what he does for God’s people.

2.  In verses 76–77, who is “the Lord,” who is the “child,” and what would his work be (see also 1:16–17; 3:2–6)? Through his ministry, what “knowledge” would people come to have (77; 24:47; Acts 2:38)^[1]? How can we help people in this way today?

3.  In verses 78–79, whose coming is Zechariah predicting? Why does he say that this is “because of the tender mercy of our God”?^[2] What would Jesus later say about this (6:35–36)?

4.  How does the “visit” of the “sunrise” express God’s mercy to this world every day (Matt.5:45)? How is a “sunrise” a fitting image of Jesus’ coming and of what he does for us (79)? What is the “light” Jesus gives (2:32; John 8:12; 1 John 1:7)^[3]?

5.  Read verse 79. What does it mean that Jesus guides “our feet into the way of peace” (Rom.5:1; 8:6; 12:18; 14:19)^[4]? In light of verses 76–79, how can we experience his peace today?

^[1] See also Jer.31:34; 33:8; Rom.3:22–25a; Eph.1:7

^[2] Note the repetition of God’s mercy in verses 50,54,58 and 72.

^[3] See also Isa.9:2; 49:6; 60:1–3; 2 Cor.4:6; Rev.22:16.

^[4] See also 2 Cor.13:11; Eph.2:14–18; Phil.4:6–7; Col.3:15; 2 Thess.3:16.

(MESSAGE)

Key Verse: 1:79, “…to give light to those who sit in darkness and in the shadow of death, to guide our feet into the way of peace.”

How are you doing? Actually it’s one of my opening questions. Not just the casual, “How are you doing? I’m good.” How are you doing, really? Kids are no exemption: how are you doing? Students, finals are coming up or already here for some: how are you doing? Bible teachers, shepherds, and leaders: how are you doing? Single people: how are you doing? Married people: how are you doing? Parents: how are we doing? Whoever and wherever you are: do you have God’s peace in your heart? We’re at this time of the year when the world glows with decorations, but most people are still sitting in darkness and without peace. Isn’t it ironic? It’s supposed to be 🎶the most wonderful time of the year🎶. And yet, anxieties and stress are off the charts, caused by financial problems, social injustice, and non-stop wars around the world, just to name a few. How the heck can we have peace in this dark and troubled world?

Today we’re going to look at the prophetic song of Zechariah, not the whole song but just the last part where he talks about Jesus who is like the sunrise. He brings light to those who are in darkness and in the shadow of death, and guides our feet into the way of peace. Even though this passage was from 2,000 years ago, it’s still so relevant today. Who here could use some peace? I think many of us have tried to find peace in many different ways.  But what’s the result? We end up being more anxious, find more troubles, and feel more burdened. The truth is, true peace can never be found in this world; it can be found only in Jesus. This peace that Jesus gives doesn’t just affect one part of our lives, but every part. He guides us to peace with God, peace with ourselves, and peace with others. May God help us see the rising sunlight of Jesus through His word and experience this true peace, peace that is found only in Jesus.

First, let’s talk about Zechariah. Let’s look at 1:67. Who is Zechariah? He’s a priest, a descendant of Aaron, and married to Elizabeth. The Bible says that both of them are righteous before God (1:6). However, they have a couple of problems. First, they’re childless, due to Elizabeth’s barrenness. And to make things worse, they live under Roman oppression. Oh, what’s it like to be a priest at that time? As a priest, there are high expectations for him. He can’t make mistakes, not a single one. And being childless doesn’t help. On the other hand, the Romans are making sure everything Zechariah does is controlled, as he  witnesses a lot of injustice around him. What a burden for this priest! He must have heard all the stories of God’s mighty work in the past, God’s voice thundering from the heavens — striking down his enemies, but in his lifetime, nothing, silence. Perhaps he’s wondering, “Is God still listening?”

Finally, God breaks the silence by sending an angel to announce that Zechariah and Elizabeth would have a son in their old age. However, Zechariah’s response is not 100% a priestly response. Instead of believing and rejoicing, he doubts, “Lord, I’m old… and my wife is also… advanced in age”. But does he forget who God is? The Creator of the heavens and the earth, who rescued his people from slavery, brought down the walls of Jericho, shut the mouths of lions, sent fire from heaven, and protected his servants in the super hot oven? We could go on and on about God’s miraculous works he did in the past. Zechariah knows the Bible, and he can probably recite these things from memory. But when God tells him he will have a son in his 50s, he doubts? As a result of his doubt, he is silenced, unable to speak (1:20). This must be a humbling experience, since he’s used to talking. Maybe Elizabeth asks him, “Babe, I didn’t know you were such a good listener!” Zechariah might feel isolated, regretful for doubting, and even frustrated because he’s unable to share with his friends this miraculous promise.  Sometimes when we doubt, it’s not God isolating us, but we isolate ourselves and put ourselves in this same dark place. We become spiritually mute, unable to praise God and without peace in our hearts. During darkness, we have two options. Either we keep suffering, or we meditate on God’s words. Zechariah chooses to meditate on God’s words. So, as soon as he can speak, what’s the first thing he does? He praises God! It seems he’s been praising God during his isolation. During all the challenges he’s facing, he’s still praising God. Only the true peace of Jesus can help us praise God even during trials, darkness, and burdens. Even in the darkest of places, we can experience God’s peace.

Now let’s look at Zechariah’s prophecy. In this first part of his prophecy, verses 68-75, Zechariah talks about God’s faithfulness and mercy in sending a mighty Savior, a “horn of salvation,” who rescues His people from their enemies. As a reminder, the name Jesus means “the Lord is salvation.” He came to save us all from our greatest enemy, Satan, who really hates us. Spiritually speaking, each one of us is so weak and vulnerable. But Jesus is the stronger man who can protect us from Satan’s relentless attacks that keep putting us down repeatedly. And Jesus our Savior enables us to serve God without fear, in holiness and righteousness before him all our days (1:74b–75). It means from our student days, our single days, our married days with little ones, all the way into our old age: we are living before God and really serving him in holiness and righteousness.

Today, we’re going to focus on the last part of Zechariah’s prophecy, where Jesus is described as the “sunrise from on high.” He brings salvation, forgiveness of sins, light to those who are sitting in darkness, and guides our feet into the way of peace. Let’s all read verses 76–77. Of course, Zechariah is ecstatic about his miraculous son! He could write a whole song about him. But he doesn’t. Instead, his song, from verses 68–79, focuses almost entirely on Jesus. And in these two verses, John’s role is clear – he is to point people to Jesus through whom they would gain “the knowledge of salvation.”

What is “the knowledge of salvation”? It’s not just head knowledge; it’s knowledge that changes our hearts, and our behavior. We gain this knowledge not just through study but through repentance (Luke 3:3–8). Do you have this “knowledge of salvation”? Realizing how sinful we are is just the first step. To have real “knowledge of salvation”, we need to realize that only through Jesus our sins, all of them, are truly forgiven. The Bible says, “And there is salvation in no one else, for there is no other name under heaven given among men by which we must be saved” (Acts 4:12). Salvation is not in our own efforts, not in good deeds, and not in anyone else; salvation is in Jesus alone. Through experiencing the forgiveness of sins in Jesus, we come to have the saving knowledge of God himself (Jer.31:34).

Let’s all read verse 78. Here Zechariah beautifully describes Jesus as the “sunrise from on high,” sent because of God’s tender mercy. Who here has seen the sunrise? So you know how captivating it is. Watching it at Lake Michigan is breathtaking. As the sun rises little by little, you start to see its rays stretch across the horizon. You start to feel its warmth, and the darkness slowly fades away. No matter how dark the night may feel, the sunrise always comes through. In the same way, Jesus is the faithful sunrise from on high. He never fails to bring his light and his peace, even when we feel lost or overwhelmed. This Jesus is a constant reminder of God’s tender mercy.

Let’s all read verse 79. Zechariah continues to describe the purpose of the “sunrise” Jesus brings, “to give light to those who sit in darkness and in the shadow of death, to guide our feet into the way of peace”. This peace is not like, “I have peace with God, so leave me alone.” This peace isn’t just a feeling, nor is it peace in only some areas of our lives. It’s a holistic peace that brings us peace with God, peace with ourselves, and peace with others.

First, peace with God. True peace begins when we are reconciled with God through Jesus his Son. By putting our trust in Jesus’ death and resurrection, our sins are all paid off, and we are justified by faith. The Bible says, “Therefore, since we have been justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ” (Rom.5:1). Our sins separate us from God and make us deserve of His just punishment. But God loves us. The Bible says, “For God so loved the world, that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life” (John 3:16). Jesus took our place of punishment to give us this peace with God (Isa.53:5).

Second, peace with ourselves. After being reconciled with God, we have a new identity. The Bible says, “Therefore, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation. The old has passed away; behold, the new has come” (2 Cor.5:17). This means we are freed from all our guilt, shame, and burdens. So, when we look in the spiritual mirror, we don’t see all these dirty sins of the past; rather, we see God’s unconditional love and His tender mercy. We see Jesus. And with confidence, we can draw near to his throne of grace. So, the next time we wonder if “I’m good enough or worthy enough,” let’s meditate on God’s truth to remind us of who we are in Jesus.

And last but not least, peace with others. This might be the hardest part. Do you know why? It’s hard because we must humble ourselves. And it’s not easy to be humble and loving all the time. But if we truly have peace with God, and peace with ourselves, Jesus will guide our feet into the way of peace with others as well.

In Genesis, Jacob was a man who had no peace in any part of his life. Even from his mother’s womb, he was already competing with his twin brother Esau. His childhood was a struggle to see who would gain the birthright and his father’s blessing. After Jacob cheated to get both, he ran off to his mother’s hometown to pursue Rachel. He worked 14 long years for her and ended up with three other wives as well. Still his heart was restless. He then pursued wealth and eventually had all the flocks and herds, in today’s slang we say, “not only he got the rizz, he also secured the bag”. But all these still left him burdened and no peace. Through an all-night wrestling match with a stranger, because Jacob realized that he had seen God face to face and yet his life was spared. As the sun was rising in the morning, though he was limping, he finally had inner peace. It’s only when Jacob met God face to face and experienced God’s forgiving grace could he have peace with God, peace with himself, and peace with others. This was just a glimpse of Jesus, the rising sun who came to guide each one of us to the way of peace. Today, so many people chase their dreams and ambitions, but instead of finding peace, they end up becoming troublemakers, both for themselves and others. But Jesus came to change all of that. He calls us to be peacemakers, saying, “Blessed are the peacemakers, for they will be called children of God” (Matt.5:9).

Speaking of troublemaker… At a very young age, I was already a great sinner. I was lying, stealing, fighting, and jumping from one girlfriend to another during my 5th grade. Outwardly, I was this happy boy, always laughing, making jokes, and bullying other kids. But inwardly, I was lonely, trapped in darkness and sin. My whole life I lived to please people. I was good at everything, and people loved me, but I had no peace. During high school, I met Paul Shin at Warren Park, who invited me to a Bible study. I only said yes because he was good at tennis. During that time, I learned that I was the worst sinner. So, what did I do? I tried to please God by doing everything around the church. I babysat, I drove students, played music, and even danced. Remember that? People loved me, but I still had no peace. Then I thought, if I get married and have kids, I would finally be content. So, I pursued all the women in church, but I was only boyfriend material. One day, Little Sarah shared with me her life testimony, and I learned there’s nothing I can do to earn God’s love, grace, and forgiveness. It’s a free gift through Jesus—“Knowledge of Salvation.” Finally, I met Jesus’ face to face. And after wrestling with God’s word in the Book of Mark, I realized I was like the man covered with leprosy who came to Jesus and begged, “If you will, you can make me clean” (Mark 1:40). I came to Him with all my burdens, my sins, and my brokenness. And Jesus reached out His hand, touched this sinner, and said, “I will; be clean” (Mark 1:41). Jesus was guiding me to have peace with God, peace with myself, and peace with others. And I felt peace I had never felt before. It was a heavenly experience. At that moment, I was so thankful because of Jesus. I wanted to build a tent there. But Jesus guides me to have peace with others as well. I apologized to everyone I’ve hurt, even to those who didn’t know me. They forgave me as well. I was so content I thought I didn’t need to get married. I was going to be Father Barry. But my Bible teachers said, “Chill out, you don’t have that gift.” I was sitting in darkness, but Jesus was the sunrise who shone His light on me. I was a troublemaker and restless, but God changed my heart and gave me true peace—peace with God, peace with myself, and peace with others, and it’s found only in Jesus.

So, how about you? Do you have this kind of peace? Today we learned that this kind of peace can only be found in Jesus. He guides our feet to have peace with God. Through God’s tender mercy, our sins are forgiven, and our relationship with Him is restored. This reconciliation leads to peace within us, freeing us from guilt, shame, and fear, and allowing us to live confidently as new creations in Christ. And this inner peace enables us to have peace with others, having love and humility to forgive, reconcile, and build meaningful relationships, just as God pursued us and reconciled with us. Just as the sunrise is faithful and drives away the darkness and fills the world with light, Jesus is faithful and merciful, and He drives away fear, anxiety, burdens, and doubts. May the light of Jesus drive out darkness in our lives and guide our feet into the way of peace.

(QUESTIONS)

Luke 1:26-38 (Go to the ESV Bible verses)

(also read 1:46–55)

Key Verse: 1:33, “and he will reign over the house of Jacob forever, and of his kingdom there will be no end.”

1.  What is the time and place (26), and what is the significance of God sending the angel Gabriel there? How is Mary described (27)? What might her life be like at this time?

2.  What does the angel tell Mary (28)? How does she respond, and why (29)? What does the angel repeat, and what does it mean to “find favor with God” (30)? What is God’s favor to Mary (31)? What can we learn here about receiving God’s “favor” or “grace”?

3.  What does the name “Jesus” mean? What does it mean that he is “the Son of the Most High” (32a,35)^[1]? What else does the angel say about Mary’s son and the kind of king he will be (32b–33a)^[2]? Why is his birth good news to all people (2:10–11)?

4.  How is Jesus’ kingdom described (33b)^[3]? Why is his kingdom the real hope for all people? How does the Bible describe the false hopes of this world (1 John 2:15–17)? In contrast, how can the hope of Jesus’ kingdom become real for us?^[4]

5.  What does Mary ask, and why (34)? How does the angel explain, and what does this mean (35)? What else does he tell her, and why (36–37)? How does Mary respond (38), and what does she mean? How could Mary respond to God’s calling like this, and what can we learn from her?

^[1] See also Rom.1:4; Col.1:15; 2:9.

^[2] See also Isa.9:6–7; 40:10–11; Jer.23:5; Eze.34:23; 1 Pet.2:25.

^[3] See also Dan.2:44; 7:14,18; Rev.11:15; 21:3–4.

^[4] See John 3:3; 1 Pet.1:3–4,23.

(MESSAGE)

Key Verse 1:33

What are your hopes and dreams? What do they reveal about the way you live your life? If you’re a student, you may hope for the semester to end and for good grades. If you’re a working professional, you might hope for work-life balance, career success, the respect of your colleagues, or perhaps to make a meaningful impact in your field. If you’re a parent, you hope for your children to have a bright future. No matter where we are in life, we all have hopes—whether it’s for personal growth, health, peace, fulfillment, or security. These hopes often shape the way we live and how we spend our time.

If we hope for success, we work hard to achieve it—studying late into the night for good grades or putting in extra hours at work to secure promotions and opportunities. Parents pour themselves into raising children, hoping for the best for them. Our actions often reflect our deepest hopes and desires.

But the truth is, all of these hopes, while important, are temporary. True and lasting hope can only be found in Jesus Christ, our Lord and Savior. When we shift our ultimate hope to Him, repenting of our old hopes and dreams, we begin to live with a new identity—one defined by our status as Christ-bearers and citizens of an eternal kingdom that will never fade away.

I pray that through today’s message, we are reminded to place our hope in this everlasting kingdom—one that will never spoil, fade, or perish. All earthly things come to an end, but the kingdom of God is eternal. Let us also respond to God’s call for each of us. We are highly favored and acceptable to Him. Let us be His servants, living according to His word, and trusting in the hope He has set before us.

Part 1 – Old Hopes

The passage today begins with the angel Gabriel being sent by God to a town in Galilee called Nazareth (v. 26). This is significant for two reasons. First, during this time, there was no new prophet or revelation from God in 400 years , a period referred to as the “Silent Period.” This silence is broken when the angel Gabriel appears, first to Zechariah at the beginning of Luke 1, announcing the birth of John the Baptist, and then, six months later, to Mary. Secondly, Mary is from the small town of Nazareth in Galilee, a rural area with an estimated population of no more than 400 people. Nazareth was located about 60 miles from Jerusalem. In the New Testament, this town is described as very humble and unotable, for example in John 1:46, when Nathaniel says “Nazareth! Can anything good come out of there?” This place was considered an unlikely origin for the angel to appear and deliver a great message of hope!  However, God goes to people and places that are ordinary to reveal His glory, and the angel appearing to Mary after a silent period of 400 years is groundbreaking.

Mary was a young girl, who as it says in verse 27, was betrothed to a man whose name was Joseph, of the house of David. Mary was betrothed meaning that she was engaged to be married. In biblical times this was a serious commitment and more binding that modern day engagements. Breaking a betrothal would require a divorce. During the time of betrothal, the couple was promised to each other for marriage but had not yet come together as husband and wife. During this period, the couple would live apart until the formal wedding day. Mary was likely busy with preparations for her upcoming wedding, which was the biggest event of her life up until this point. She was also preparing for her future home with Joseph. Unlike today, where you can easily order things on Amazon, Mary likely had to make arrangements to gather necessities for the home or even create things herself. She was eagerly anticipating a new life with her husband and the possibility of starting a family, focusing on the joy and hope of her future marriage. Let’s be real ladies, if you were engaged, you would be looking forward to your wedding day too! But, then, an interruption came- one that would change everything.

Part 2 – Favor

Let’s read verse 28 “And he came to her and said “Greetings, O favored one, the Lord is with you!” After 400 years of silence, an angel coming to Mary, a young girl from a rural town, is surprising. Mary was shocked herself. In verse 29, it says she “was greatly troubled at the saying and tried to discern what sort of greeting this might be” The angel reassures her, saying,  “Do not be afraid, Mary, for you have found favor with God (v 30). Notice that the word favor is repeated. But what does this mean? The word “favor”here means to be graced, made acceptable, to honor with blessings. The angel is telling Mary that she has found favor with God, meaning she is considered acceptable, pleasing, and adequate in His sight. She has been given God’s grace, favor, and blessing. It’s important to note that being favored here doesn’t mean Mary did anything to earn God’s favor—it was a gift, given freely by God. God’s grace is one-sided; He is the one who makes us adequate and equips us to carry out His mission and calling. This applies not only to Mary but to all of us as Christians as well. As Christians, are we highly favored? Are we given grace? Is God with us? Yes, yes and yes!

God wanted Mary to know that she was highly favored, not to flatter her, but to prepare her for the calling He was about to give her. He wanted to assure her of her true identity. Mary was not just a young girl from a small town about to be married—she was someone highly favored by God. God sought to shower her with grace and give her a greater sense of hope. By reassuring her that she was secure in Him, graced, blessed, and loved, God was helping her to confidently embrace the calling He was placing on her life.

God was even preparing her before giving her this great calling. While God doesn’t need us to carry out His will, He chooses to include us. He included Mary—someone who seemed ordinary, insignificant, and unlikely. And that’s who our God is. When we feel ordinary or unlikely, God comes to us and reveals that we are highly favored by Him. He loves us and wants to shower us with grace so we can come to know our true identity in Him.

Let’s read verse 31 “ And behold, you will conceive in your womb and bear a son, and you shall call his name Jesus.” This is when the call of Mary came. She would be the mother of Jesus! She is so blessed, there would be a greater meaning to her life! She would have died as an ordinary woman but now she would be the mother of the savior of the world! What a mission and calling! God chose her to be part of His plan, she was not some spectacular spiritual woman but it was because of God’s grace upon her that she was chosen. This completely changed her life. The hope of marriage, once her greatest expectation, was now replaced with the hope of bringing the Messiah into the world! Of course, Mary was likely concerned with how Joseph and the people in her town would react, but these worries diminished in comparison to the immense hope she now carried in her heart. Because God had revealed both who He was and who Mary was to Him, she was likely at peace, trusting that the One who gave her this great mission would be with her every step of the way. She knew He would not abandon her and that He would fulfill His promises to the end.

Part 3 – God’s Hope for Mankind

Let’s read verse 31-32 “And behold, you will conceive in your womb and bear a son, and you shall call his name Jesus. He will be great and will be called the Son of the Most High. And the Lord God will give him the throne of his father David.”

The name Jesus means Jehovah is Salvation, which means God saves. The Israelites at the time, thought the Messiah who was to come would save them from their political troubles, as we can all probably relate to now. They were under Roman rule at that time. The Romans imposed heavy taxes and strict governance among the Jewish people, which often led to economic hardship and many of the taxes collected were considered exploitative. However, we do not just need redemption from political rule like the Isrealites. In fact, what we really need is the redemption of our sins. Jesus came because he wanted to free us from the grip of sin and satan. That is desperately what we need and He is the only one capable of saving us from sin that leads to death. All of us have fallen short of the glory of God (Romans 3:23) and sin creates a separation between humanity and God but because of Jesus who was sinless, he could offer himself as the perfect, unblemished sacrifice to atone for the sins of the world.  Jesus who was to come through Mary would be the one that would save the Isrealites and us from sin and this give us a greater hope than staying in the defeat of our sin or constantly striving to have a relationship with God.

Second, He will be great which means that he will be the greatest conqueror, deliverer, and  savior of all time. There are political reigns in the world that will come and go but Jesus will be the highest and mighties of all. We may think that there are some leaders who are great, but in reality they are just adequate compared to the one who is truly great.

Third, he will be called Son of the Most High. Jesus would come to be among his people. At the time the Jewish people knew that the Most High meant God. This almighty God, Creator God, would take on flesh to dwell with his people and redeem them.

Fourth, the angel declares that the Messiah will reign on the throne of His father David, showing that God is faithful to His promises. God had promised David that He would send a Shepherd King to save His people, and now that promise is being fulfilled. God would send a king to save us from our sins, but not just any king—a Shepherd King.

When we think of kings, we often picture powerful, wealthy, authoritative figures. However, Jesus redefines what a true king is. A true king reigns with justice and righteousness, leading, caring for, and even laying down his life for his people. What earthly king would do that? Jesus, the Shepherd King, is God Almighty, who seeks the lost, gently calls us to Himself, and sacrifices His life so that we might have life to the full.

Finally, the greatest hope we can have is that Jesus’ Kingdom will never end. The hopes of this world are temporary and often fade. We may strive for them, but they are not guaranteed to be fulfilled. There is no lasting security in them. But Jesus promises a Kingdom that will last forever, and we can trust in this promise because of what He has already done.

Jesus fulfilled the Old Testament promises, including the one from Genesis 3:15: “I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your offspring and hers; he will crush your head, and you will strike his heel.” Jesus, born of Mary, is the fulfillment of this promise. God spoke it, and it came true. He is a promise keeper, fulfilling His word in His perfect timing. Similarly, in Ezekiel 34:23, God promised to send the Messiah through the line of David, and Jesus is that promised King.

1 Peter 1:3-4 describes the Kingdom of God: “Praise be to the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ! In his great mercy, he has given us new birth into a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead, and into an inheritance that can never perish, spoil or fade. This inheritance is kept in heaven for you.”Jesus has given us a hope that is secure and everlasting, grounded in His mercy. This hope can never be taken away; it is kept in heaven for us. We can have full confidence that we will inherit this eternal Kingdom. It’s far better to place our hope in something that is certain and unshakable, something that brings true meaning and life, than in things that will fade away and be lost when we pass. We need an eternal hope because we have an eternal soul

Part 4 – Response

Now that Mary has received this incredible news from the angel and has been given a new hope—the honor of being chosen to bring the Messiah into the world, not because of her own doing, but because of God’s grace and blessing—she now has a hope in the everlasting Kingdom of God. With this new hope, she is ready to respond to God’s call. Let’s look at her response in verse 34: “And Mary said to the angel, ‘How will this be, since I am a virgin?’”At this point, she is simply asking a genuine question, curious about how this could happen biologically, since she has not yet been with a man.

The angel replies, “The Holy Spirit will come upon you, and the power of the Most High will overshadow you; therefore the child to be born will be called holy, the Son of God.”This will be the work of the Holy Spirit, who will bring Christ into the world. Mary’s role will be to be the vessel through which Christ is born, but it is the Holy Spirit who will overshadow, cover, and protect her.

This could seem like an overwhelming task, one that Mary could have easily resisted. Often, when we sense God’s call, we see it as difficult, inconvenient, or ill-timed. Mary could have responded by saying, “God, this is not the right time—I’m about to get married, I’m in the middle of planning a wedding, and I have other responsibilities. Being pregnant right now, especially under these circumstances with Joseph not being the father, is the last thing I had planned.” However, this is not how she responds. Let’s read verse 38 “And Mary said ‘Behold, I am the servant of the Lord; let it be to me according to your word.’ And the angel departed from her” Mary’s response is one of submission. She submits her hopes, her dreams, her future to God and says, “let it be to me according to your word.” She trusted in the word of God, she trusted that God would carry it out according to his purpose. She did not have faith in herself, but in God himself, his promises and his word.

When Mary received a new hope, she was able to respond with, “At your command, Lord.” Her response was one of honor and humility, as she recognized the incredible privilege of being part of God’s plan. She, a young woman from a humble, small town in Galilee, was chosen by God to be the mother of Jesus Christ. She didn’t deserve this calling, yet God chose her—not because of anything she had done, but because of His grace.

Mary experienced this grace and the hope that went far beyond her hopes of being a wife and having a family. Her response was one of submission and a deep understanding of her identity in God. She was willing to accept this extraordinary calling to be the vessel through which salvation would enter the world. She also recognized who she was in God’s eyes—highly favored, His servant, and available to go wherever He called. She was blessed because of her faithfulness and willingness to submit to His will.

We are not called by God in the same way Mary was—her calling was specific to carrying Jesus Christ in her womb. But how is this applicable to us today? As Christians, we are called to be bearers of Christ and ambassadors of His kingdom. When we accepted Jesus Christ as our Lord and Savior, we received the Holy Spirit, who dwells within us and is with us wherever we go. We are called to make Him known and represent Him.

God wants to give us a hope that goes far beyond what we often envision—something far greater than our hopes for success in school, at work, or as parents. His hope is eternal, and it shapes the way we live and serve.

We may have doubts or wonder if we are truly being called, or if we are qualified, but the truth is that as Christians, we are highly favored and accepted by God. We have already been called to make Him known and to bring others to obedience in Christ. In Matthew 28:19-20, Jesus says: “Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.” Christ is with us as we go and bring others to Him. When you have good news, you don’t keep it to yourself—you want to share it.

As we hold onto this new hope in the kingdom of heaven, we also have a new identity. We are citizens of the kingdom of heaven. Our hopes shape the way we live. When our hope is in something everlasting, we live with purpose and meaning, striving to represent this eternal kingdom. If all earthly things fade, then there is no true hope or purpose in life. But with the true hope of the kingdom of heaven, we know that even bringing one person to Christ is meaningful, because it means one more person will experience a kingdom that never fades, perishes, or spoils.

Let’s accept God’s call to represent Him in a world that is often hostile to His message. Let’s bring the message of restoration and hope to a world filled with fading hopes.